1. A model of early transient pressure overload simulating repair of aortic coarctation in childhood 
Anish Krishnan, BSc, Douglas Drak, BSc, Shisan Bao, PhD, David S. Celermajer, MD, PhD, Jie Liu, PhD 
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 
Volume 151, Issue 6, Pages (June 2016)
DOI: /j.jtcvs
Copyright © 2016 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Transient SBP gradient established between upper and lower body by transverse aortic constriction and resulting LVP overload. A, SBP gradient; (B) maximum LVP; and (C) LV mass indexed to BW at 3, 5, and 7 weeks postconstriction in CoA (red) and sham-operated controls (blue). D, PWTs observed by transthoracic echocardiography. Observations at 0 weeks were made immediately before surgery. SBP, Systolic blood pressure; LVP, left ventricular pressure; CoA, aortic coarctation; LV, left ventricle; BW, body weight; PWT, posterior wall thickness at end-systole. *Indicates significant difference between the groups (P < .05).
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2016 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Transient cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and collagen deposition established by transverse aortic constriction. A, hydrosin and eosin–stained left ventricular cross-sections at the level of the papillary muscle in control and CoA groups. Scale bar is 5 mm. B, Mean cardiomyocyte area at 3, 5, and 7 weeks postconstriction in CoA (red) and control (blue) groups. C, Segments of left ventricle under ×20 magnification, stained in Milligan's Trichrome (Sigma Aldrich, Sydney, Australia). Blue-stained collagen deposition indicates fibrosis (arrows) in CoA versus control group, at 3 weeks postconstriction. Scale bar is 50 μm. D, Fibrosis measured by mean collagen fraction in Trichrome-stained sections in CoA (red) and control (blue) groups. CoA, Aortic coarctation. *Indicates significant difference between the groups (P < .05).
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2016 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

4. Early-life transient pressure overload elicits a complex response from the left ventricle.
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2016 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions