1. History of Evolution
Evolutionary Terms
Charles Darwin
Natural Selection:
Part 1
Natural Selection:
Part 2
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Go to Final Jeopardy

2. Explain how Darwin developed his theory of Evolution.
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3. In the 1830s, Charles Darwin took a trip around the world
In the 1830s, Charles Darwin took a trip around the world. He was fascinated by diverse and unique organisms, such as the giant tortoises of the Galapagos Islands. He became convinced that organisms changed over time, thus creating the theory of Evolution.
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4. According to Darwin, evolution occurs because of _______ _________.
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5. Natural Selection
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6. Explain Jean Baptiste Lamarck’s idea of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics.
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7. Lamarck proposed that individuals could acquire traits during their lifetimes as a result of experience or behavior.
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8. Explain Darwin’s phrase Descent with Modification.
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9. Descent with Modification means that every species – living or extinct – must have descended by reproduction from preexisting species and that species must be able to change over time.
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10. What was the main idea in Darwin’s book “The Origin of Species”?
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11. Species change over time by Natural Selection.
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12. The theory that new types of organisms develop from preexisting types of organisms over time is called…
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13. Evolution
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14. The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do is called...
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15. Natural Selection
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16. Every species – living or extinct – must have descended by reproduction from preexisting species and that species must be able to change over time.
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17. Descent with Modification
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18. Any variation that can help an organism survive in its environment is called an…
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19. Adaptation
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20. $500 The measure of an individual’s hereditary
contribution to the next generation is called it’s...
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21. Fitness
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22. From his observations, he formed the theory of Evolution.
He noticed similarities and differences among many organisms as he traveled around the world.
From his observations, he formed the theory of Evolution.
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23. Charles Darwin
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24. After visiting the ________ ________, Darwin noted that groups of animals varied from island to island.
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25. The Galapagos Islands
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26. Darwin published a book of his evolutionary evidence entitled…
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27. “The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection”
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28. The species of finches that Darwin observed differed in the shape of their beaks. What was Darwin’s explanation for this?
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29. That they had a common ancestor (the different species all came from the same species)
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30. What was Darwin’s explanation for the animals on the Galapagos Islands being similar to those on the nearby coast of South America?
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31. The animals’ ancestors had migrated (swam) from South America to the Galapagos Islands
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32. The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do; a theory to explain the mechanism of evolution.
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33. Natural Selection
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34. Part of Natural Selection that describes that within a population, individual have different traits.
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35. Genetic Variation
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36. Part of Natural Selection that describes that more offspring can be produced than can survive to maturity.
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37. Overproduction
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38. Part of Natural Selection that describes that individuals must compete for resources.
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39. Struggle to Survive
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40. Part of Natural Selection that describes that organisms with the best adaptations are most likely to survive long enough to reproduce.
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41. Differential Reproduction
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42. Natural Selection could not occur without…
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43. Genetic Variation
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44. The process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment is called…
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45. Adaptation
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46. Thousands of fish eggs are fertilized by only a few survive to adulthood. What is this an example of?
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47. Overproduction
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48. During the Industrial Revolution in Britain, many new factories were built which released dark clouds of smoke into the air. Dark grey moths survived attacks by birds more often than their light grey neighbors. Over time, light grey moths disappeared from the area. This change in population is an example of
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49. Natural Selection
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50. A number of mosquito populations today are resistant to insecticides that were once quite effective. Why do Biologists think that insecticide resistance evolved in mosquitoes?
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51. A few mosquitoes were probably resistant to the insecticide before it was ever used, and these individuals were more likely to survive and reproduce.
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52. “Survival of the Fittest”
Final Jeopardy
Today’s Category:
“Survival of the Fittest”

53. According to the evolutionary definition of fitness, which of these organisms has shown that they are the “fittest” at this current moment in time?
A. A young male elephant seal who for the first time has successfully defended a group of female elephant seals, giving him his first chance to mate.
B. A female humpback whale that has given birth to four calves, but is now at the end of her life.
C. A male salmon that has made his once-in-a-lifetime upstream swim ahead of all other males as well as females and has released all of his gametes.
D. All of these have the same level of fitness.
Answer

54. D. All of these have the same level of fitness
D. All of these have the same level of fitness. This is because each is at the point of mating or have already mated.
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