1. How do you appeal to an audience?
Rhetoric
How do you appeal to an audience?

2. Purpose Support a cause Promote a change Win agreement Arouse sympathy
Provoke anger
Refute a theory

3. Audience Who are they? What do they know? What do they believe?
What doe they expect?
How will they disagree with me?
What do they want me to address?
What type of language should I use?

4. Assignment:
Using the Internet and working with a partner, find a photo of a door. Copy or screen shot the photo and attach it to this assignment. Along with the photos, type an explanation which analyzes them for their audience and purpose. Ask, who is this door's message directed toward and what is the purpose of the message. What techniques did the creator of the door use to get their message across?

5. Appeals of Logic: Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
There are several ways to appeal to an audience.
These modes of discourse are prevalent in almost every argument…

6. Effects of Ethos, Pathos, Logos 4
Logos evokes a cognitive, rationale response
Ethos demonstrates the author’s reliability, competence, and respect for the audience’s ideas and values through appropriate use of support
Pathos evokes an emotional response

7. Ethos 2 Appeal to Morals/Ethics
Language appropriate to audience and subject
Restrained, sincere, fair-minded presentation
Appropriate level of vocabulary
Correct grammar

8. Definition Ethos 6 Ethos:
Related to the English word ethics and refers to the trustworthiness of the speaker/writer
Effective persuasive strategy because when we believe that the speaker does not intend to do us harm, we are more willing to listen to what he/she has to say

9. Example Ethos 6 Example of Ethos:
When a trusted doctor gives you advice, you may not understand all of the medical reasoning behind the advice, but you nonetheless follow the directions because you believe that the doctor knows what he/she is talking about

10. Example:
How is Ethos being used here?

11. Pathos 3 Appeal to Emotions Vivid and concrete language
Emotionally loaded language
Emotional examples
Narratives of emotional events
Emotional tone
Figurative language

12. Definition Pathos 7 Pathos:
Related to the words pathetic, sympathy, and empathy.
Whenever you accept a claim based on how it makes you feel without fully analyzing the rationale behind the claim, you are acting on pathos.

13. Definition Pathos 7 Pathos Continued
They may be any emotions: love, fear, patriotism, guilt, hate, or joy
A majority of arguments in the popular press are heavily dependent on pathetic appeals.
Appeals to pathos touch a nerve and compel people to not only listen, but also take the next step and act in the world

14. Example:
How is Pathos being used here?

15. Logos 1 Appeal to Logic Theoretical or abstract language
Literal and historical analogies
Definitions
Factual Data and Statistics
Quotations
Citations from experts and authorities
Informed Opinions

16. Definition Logos 5 Logos:
This Greek word is the basis for the English word – Logic
Logos refers to any attempt to appeal to the intellect (academic arguments)
There will be logical chains of reasoning supporting ALL claims

17. Example
How is Logos being used here?

18. Activity 1: Quickwrite
Think of something you tried to persuade a parent, boss, or a friend to do or believe. It could be to buy or pay for something, to left you go early from work, or to go somewhere, etc.
What type of persuasion did you use?
Write a short description of your efforts to persuade your audience and describe the type of persuasion that you used to convince your audience. Were you successful? If not, what could you have done to change the outcome?