2. All energy on Earth comes from the Sun. So how do we get that energy?

3. Ways of Getting Energy Producers Consumers Also called autotrophs
Get energy from nonliving sources
Most capture energy during photosynthesis to make simple sugars
Ex. Plants, algae, some bacteria
Consumers
Also called heterotrophs
Get energy from living or once-living organisms
Ex. Animals, fungus, people

4. How Producers Get Their Energy
Photosynthesis Chemosynthesis
Source of energy:
-Chemicals
-Sulfur-rich salt marsh
Source of energy:
-Sunlight
Use non-living sources for energy
Examples:
-Green plants
-Cyanobacteria
Examples:
-Deep sea vent bacteria

5. How Consumers Get Their Energy
Consumers eat other organisms to get energy.
They breakdown the macromolecules inside of the organisms to release ATP in a process called cellular respiration.
4 Types of Consumers:
Herbivores
Eat only vegetation
Carnivores
Eat only meat
Omnivores
Eat meat and vegetation
Detrivores (decomposers)
Eat dead materials
Red panda eating bamboo

6. Let’s watch energy flow in action!
See how many producers and consumers you can identify!

7. Food Chains
Food chains trace a single flow of energy and show trophic levels = the levels of nourishment in a food chain.

8. Rule of 10
As energy flows from organism to organism, it is used for metabolism and/or converted to heat.
Because of this, the next organism on the chain only receives 10 PERCENT of the energy obtained in the previous level.
The other 90% is used or “lost” as heat

9. Can you classify each type of consumer?
Trophic Levels
(4) Tertiary Consumers
Energy Flow 
(3) Secondary Consumers
(2) Primary Consumers
(1) Producers
Can you classify each type of consumer?

10. Food Webs
Shows multiple food chains at once, and how they interconnect.

11. Trophic Pyramids = models that show how energy flows through an ecosystem
Energy Pyramid: represents the energy available at each trophic level; levels ALWAYS get smaller as you go up the pyramid (Remember the Rule of 10!)
Numbers Pyramid: represents the number of organisms at each trophic level; since energy decreases as you go up the pyramid, fewer organisms can be supported
Biomass Pyramid: represents the total mass of living organic matter at each trophic level

12. Trophic Pyramid Example4
Tertiary consumer
.1% 3 1%
Secondary consumer 2
10%
Primary consumer 1
100%
producer
Label trophic level numbers.
Label trophic level names.
Label percentage of energy available.