1. Cells: The Basic Unit of Life
Chapter 4 Test Notes

2. In plants, the vesicle that stores water and liquids and helps support the cell is called the large central vacuole.

3. One difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms is that unicellular organisms need fewer resources.
In a eukaryotic cell, the DNA is stored in the nucleus.

4. A eukaryotic cell’s ability to differentiate to become specialized cells helps tissues, organs, and systems work more efficiently.
Organisms with DNA in a long, circular molecule are prokaryotes.

5. The smallest structural and functional unit of living things is the cell.
Cells come from other cells.
Multicellular organisms function more efficiently than unicellular organisms because the cells are specialized.

6. The protective barrier surrounding the cell, which protects its contents from the cell’s environment, is the cell membrane

7. Plant cells are supported by a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane called a cell wall.

8. In plant and algae cells, photosynthesis take place in cholorplasts.
Note to students: One of the answers listed on the test says : “chlorophyll.” Chlorophyll is the pigment that attracts the sunlight. It is not where photosynthesis take place.

9. One cell is needed for a unicellular organism to perform all necessary life functions.
According to the Cell Theory, one or more cells make up all living things.

10. A cell with a membrane-bound nucleus is eukaryotic.
I am a Cow!
The fluid inside every cell, and almost all of the cell’s contents, is called the cytoplasm.
A cell with a membrane-bound nucleus is eukaryotic.
Photosynthesis takes place in ground tissue.

11. Take a 2 minute break

12. The activity a specialized cell performs is its function.
In the stoma, sausage-shaped cells control the size of openings that allow carbon dioxide and oxygen to move into and out of a leaf.

13. If a single cell dies in a multicellular organism, the organism will continue to live.

14. Two types of organisms whose cells do NOT have a nucleus are bacteria and archaea.
During development, the cells of a multicellular organism differentiate, which allows them to be specialized.

15. Have a Nice Day