1. The Neuron
The information processing and information-transmitting element of the nervous system.

2. Different neuron types

3. Sensory neurons activated by sensory input from the environment
Ex. touching a hot surface with your fingertips, the sensory neurons will be sending info to the rest of the nervous system
The inputs that activate sensory neurons can be physical or chemical
physical input can be things like sound, touch, heat, or light.
chemical input comes from taste or smell, which neurons then send to the brain

5. Interneurons
Interneurons are the ones in between - they connect spinal motor and sensory neurons.
transfer signals between sensory and motor neurons
communicate with each other, forming circuits of various complexity

7. Motor Neurons
Motor neurons of the spinal cord are part of the central nervous system (CNS) and connect to muscles, glands and organs throughout the body
They transmit impulses from the spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles (such as those in your stomach), and so directly control all of our muscle movements.

9. Reflexes
A simple spinal reflex has a single sensory neuron and a single motor neuron that communicate through an interneuron

10. Types of Neurons in a nutshell
Sensory Neurons (afferent neurons)
take in info from the outside world and send it to the brain and spinal cord
Motor Neurons (efferent neurons)
bring messages to the muscles from the brain and spinal cord
Interneurons communicate between neurons

11. Afferent
Efferent

12. https://www. youtube. com/watch
0aekpYHoIPKssY94U-OBMeNE (begin at 7:25)

13. Glial cells
Astrocyte (Astroglia): Star-shaped cells that provide physical and nutritional support for neurons: 1) clean up brain "debris"; 2) transport nutrients to neurons; 3) hold neurons in place; 4) digest parts of dead neurons; 5) regulate content of extracellular space
Microglia: Like astrocytes, microglia digest parts of dead neurons.
Oligodendroglia: Provide the insulation (myelin) to neurons in the central nervous system.
Satellite Cells: Physical support to neurons in the peripheral nervous system.
Schwann Cells: Provide the insulation (myelin) to neurons in the peripheral nervous system.