1. Protists

2. Some Basics: 200 000 species difficult to classify
no “typical” protist
most aquatic, some terrestrial
only characteristic that all protists share is that they are not animals, plants or fungi
most single-celled

3. Some Characteristics of single-celled protists:
1) eukaryotes – membranes around their organelles (nucleus), > 2m
2)   unicellular – one celled
3)   reproduce asexually by binary fission
4)   must live in moist surroundings

4. Method of Reproduction
Phylum
(Group)
- energy source
Species Name
Sketch
Method of Movement
Method of Reproduction
Mastigophoria
(euglenoids)
- autotrophs
- photosynthetic
Euglena
gracillis
flagellum
Binary fission
Sarcondina
(amoebas)
- heterotrophs
Amoeba
proteus
pseudopods
Binary fission
Ciliata
(ciliates)
- heterotrophs
Paramecium
caudatum
Stentor
coeruleus
cilia
Binary fission (asexual)
Conjugation
(sexual)

5. Life Cycles Single-celled protists
       reproduce asexually (binary fission) and sexually (conjugation)
Multi-cellular protists
       more complex
       may involve the formation of sex cells (haploid sperm and egg), when sex cells fuse, diploid zygote is formed
       some alternate between a diploid and haploid stage (alternation of generations)
Examples: Brown algae (Fig. 13 page 65)
Plasmodium – malaria protist (Fig. 14 page 66)

6. Metabolism PROTISTS Heterotrophic Autotrophic Animal-like Fungus-like
Plant-like
- can be parasitic/pathogenic
- parasites
* sleeping sickness
* malaria
Examples:
- Amoeba
- Sporozoans
- ciliates like Paramecium
- most are decomposers
- prefer cool, damp habitats
Examples:
- Molds (water, slime) - single-celled (vs. multicellular fungi kingdom)
- contains chlorophyll
- photosynthesize
Examples:
- Euglena – unicellular, flagellates, heterotrophic at night
- Algae – single-celled, colonies, multicellular
(Note: responsible for 50-75% of all photosynthesis on Earth)