2. GLOBAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
JOHN
LIGAS
GLOBAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
John Ligas
Global Research & Development
Darragh and Patience just talked to you about how we are bringing new patients into the photochromic category with our marketing efforts to the trade and consumers.
I want to talk to you about how we are doing the same thing using our technology.

4. R&D TEAMS
As the leader in photochromic technology it is our responsibility to you, our partners, to be constantly investing in Research and Development.
That is why we have over 95 scientist and engineers working around the world refining our product offerings to meet the needs of your customers and patients.

5. VISION AND LIGHT
We not only try to better understand color, perception of color, what our eyes see. But also how that is perceived by our brain. ...So in addition to understanding photochromic dye chemistry, we strive to better understand light. So you could say, Light Scientist, who better understand how the eye and the brain process light through different colors.
With regard to color vision science: we have focused primarily how to deliver the right gray, brown, and green colors.
All of these are able to be activated to a good darkness without high distortion of color perception.
Vision science is not just how the eye works, it also how our brain understands what our eye sees, call it brain science.
Transitions XTRActive is a good example of how we have applied this knowledge. We adjusted the indoor color state to have the eye perceive it as neutral, to make the lenses look clear when you look at it on a face or through it.
We do use outside Universities, to assist us with their particular expertise, such as
-University of Georgia
-Pacific College of Optometry
-New Jersey Institute of Technology
-Southern College of Optometry
-University of Arizona
-MIT

6. DYE CHEMISTRY O N
We have photochromic dye chemistry and coating scientist who continue to advance the dye and coating technology to bring added interest and comfort to the consumer.
We innovate new product offerings to meet consumer needs.
Part of their focus is on offering a choice of colors. Both for visual and style benefit. We have the family of Brands, the family of products. Transitions Signature VII in all materials, three colors Gray, Brown, and Green. XTRActive also in a wide range of materials and in the 3 colors. And the unique product, Vantage with variable polarization.
We want to be able to add new wearers into the photochromic category, as Patience indicated, the photochromic category is still under penetrated especially in the younger population. What products may be of more interests to this group so they to can enjoy the benefits of Transitions lenses: glare control, UV and Blue light protection. Maybe the potential to add other colors.
What about other segments in the market place that could be opportunities for specific product?
Our marketing group is working to better understand the un-met needs for various groups. When we obtain these insights, we have various technologies to adapt, adjust, and could make products that support these different segments of the population.

7. And to make product innovation faster… more meaningful to consumer needs. We use our Patent Pending Life 360 process.
Life360 is designed to look at the experience of real wearers in real world conditions.  

8. Laboratory Measurements
Traditional laboratory measurements take place in a controlled lab environment using a specially designed optical bench.
Lab testing is practiced widely in the industry and provides baseline measurements, these measurements are only part of the story.  
Optical Bench data is representative of optimal conditions, …and let’s face it, no wearer walks around in a controlled lab environment. They need a product that represents real life.

9. Laboratory Measurements
Real World Measurements
At the heart of Life 360 are real world measurements.  Real world measurements means exactly that.  Measurements taken in the real world rather than in a laboratory.  
Over the past several years Transitions Optical has taken over 25,000 real-world measurements in all major latitudes, climates, and weather to build a comprehensive, ever-expanding database that combines measurements on temperature, angles of light, UV, blue light, lens transmission, weather conditions, geography, and more
…so we know how our products perform in all situations, …year round and in most parts of the world.

10. Laboratory Measurements
Real World Measurements
Lab measurements can now be transformed using a new patent-pending modeling method developed by Transitions Optical to mimic the behavior of a lens in real world outdoor conditions.
This powerful tool makes the prototyping process easier; reducing the time it takes to understand how a lens will perform in these varied conditions. This helps us better understand our products resulting in accelerating bringing new products to market sooner.
We have leveraged our extensive database of real world measurements to be the first and only ones to use a new patent-pending modeling method to mimic the behavior of a lens in real world outdoor conditions.  
This makes the prototyping process much easier and reduces the time it takes to test and understand a new product.
Real World Modeling

11. We will use this information to help develop new products
We will use this information to help develop new products. To better understand how our product will perform in different conditions. It can open the door to customization of different products.
We can bring in new wearers into the category with products with better and different performance attributes.
All three of our family of products have done this, Signature VII, XTRActive, and Vantage. We continually explore and look at other formulations, how to make new and better products.
With this new modeling tool we can process complex data. As you can see from the examples of the data on this slide, from locations in the US and Latin America.
Data on how lens performs in different geographies – know that this is what the lens will do
Know the environment of the wearer and can design the best product for them …to match a person with a product
Having the right products based on climate and light sensitivity needs

12. REACHING NEW WEARERS COLOR
As we have seen, we can bring in new wearers with products that have different performance attributes and we are continuing to look at other formulations.
Another way we can potentially do this is with colors.
To think about why this is important – think of a shoe store that only offers gray and brown colors …vs. a shoe store that offers a multitude of options.
Which would consumers rather shop in?
Even if most consumers buy the gray or brown shoes in the end, … they want the color offerings.

13. Laboratory Measurements
Wearer Testing
Real World Modeling
The final element of Life360 is live wearer testing.  Using real people, in real life conditions, we validate our products using “Live Wearer Testing.” This blind testing reflects what wearers are actually experiencing with the lenses.
This Life360 approach guides product development resulting in lenses that are better able to meet patient needs and enable the best wearer experience in all scenarios.
This better overall wearing experience means the EyeCare professional can expect higher patient satisfaction.
Real World Measurements

14. Laboratory Measurements
Real World Modeling
Wearer Testing
Wearer Insights
New Product
So when we put all this together, we have a loop when we are developing products. Having the data base of real world testing, still using lab measurements, then jump to Real World modeling, …and ending with testing the product with consumers………
Real World Measurements

15. Life 360™ shows the performances of all photochromics are NOT the same – the differences do matter.
A Transitions lens wearer is 78% more likely to be completely satisfied with their lenses than a clear lens wearer.1
Compared to wearers of other photochromic lens brands, Transitions lens wearers are 37% more likely to be completely satisfied with their brand choice.2
[1Source: Transitions Brand Tracking (Q3 2016)
2Source: Transitions Brand Tracking (Q3 2016)]

16. TRANSITIONS® LENSES AND BLUE LIGHT
Protection indoors and outdoors
Another way we can bring new wearers into the category is with the benefits the photochromic technology provides.
In addition to providing comfort from glare and protection from Ultra Violet Light, …Transitions lenses have also …and always… provided protection from harmful blue light.
We introduced this topic at last year’s Transitions Academy. This topic was well received, …but it’s still young in its understanding.
Some think the jury is still out, but the evidence is growing that blue light is associated with some eye issues.
We all need to continue to look for the research, to understand blue light, indoors from the increasing use of digital devices, but especially from the Sun.

17. Harmful blue light is centered around 435nm
… this is where high energy blue light shows up in the Visible Light Spectrum. Right after ultra violet light in the blue violet region.
But you do need some of the lower energy blue light for physiological reasons… to help with the circadian rhythm for setting sleep patterns.
Harmful blue light is centered around 435nm

18. BLUE LIGHT AT FOREFRONT OF PEOPLE’S MINDS 1 in 4 SPEND 3+ HOURS
And while we’ve always been exposed to blue light outdoors, …our indoor exposure has increased with the addition of digital devices into our daily lives.
Blue light is at the forefront of people’s minds because of the increased use of these devices.
(Click to build)
Nearly 1 in 4 children spend more than 3 hours a day using digital devices
Nearly 4 in 10 Millennials spend more than 9 hours a day using digital devices
Source: Vision Council

19. MORE INTENSE THAN ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND SCREENS
BLUE LIGHT
SOURCES
OUTDOOR
THE SUN
OVER 100 TIMES
MORE INTENSE THAN ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND SCREENS
INDOOR
LED Lights
Digital Devices
Metal
Halide Lamps
However, …even with all the information in the trade over the past few years, most people still don’t realize or know …that the sun is a strongest source of blue light, emitting over 100 times the intensity of electronic devices or screens.
If you’re facing the sun, …it can be 500 times more intense than the typical digital device.
Depending on the time of day, a majority, 25-30%, of outdoor visible light you receive ..is blue light.
This is why the sky blue – because blue light is a high-energy wave length – it scatters around …creating haze and glare, …interfering with vision and causing eye fatigue.
…Let’s see a quick video of Dr. Chou, a precursor to the course he will be giving soon.

20. NATURAL DEFENSES SQUINTING, AVOIDANCE, EYE STRUCTURE
We squint in sunlight for a reason. What you may not have thought about, ..is that squinting is the body’s natural response in trying to reduce the intensity of bright light.
There are other natural defenses…
We’ll naturally turn away from glare…
Our pupils reflex…
Have yellow pigments in the macula…
And the natural yellowing of the lens as we age.
But as we live longer, …its important to assist what mother nature gave us naturally.

21. We certainly need more research on children on importance of blue light and its effects.
But we do know that as time goes on, the clarity of their crystalline lens yellows, bad news as we move toward cataracts longer term, …but the eyes do gets better at filtering blue light as we age with this increased yellowing.
The picture on the right shows the aging eye from perfectly clear as a very young person, increasing in yellowness as we age, progressing to very yellow - late in life. …If the lens hasn’t already been replaced with cataract surgery.
When we were younger, our cells were more active in regenerating, but as we age the damage cumulates. …not unlike skin damage from the sun.
We know protection is the answer, just like we protect our skin from the harmful effects of the sun, …so do we need to protect our eyes as well.

22. There seems to be continually mounting evidence that blue light can have a negative impact on the eyes.
There is a lot of statements being made about blue light.
Short term – digital eyestrain / sleep patterns
Long term – Age Related Macular Degeneration. Blue light plays a role as it reaches the back of the eye. This picture shows the increase Drusen accumulation and build-up in the macula, an early indication of AMD.
…We want to share some of the substantiation we see from the literature:
A recent study from China in 2013, where these researchers searched the literature from around the world to find any and all relevant associations between Age-Related Macular Degeneration and sunlight exposure.
This review concludes that 12  epidemiological studies are conclusive showing that individuals with more sunlight exposure are at a significantly increased risk of AMD.
[“Is sunlight exposure a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration? A systematic review and meta- analysis”
Sui GY, Liu GC, Liu GY, Gao YY, Deng Y, Wang WY, Tong SH, Wang L. , Br J Ophthalmol Apr;97(4):389-94
Among these 12 studies, the famous Beaver Dam Eye Study:
Sunlight and the 10-year incidence of age-related maculopathy: [the Beaver Dam Eye Study.
Tomany SC1, Cruickshanks KJ, Klein R, Klein BE, Knudtson MD. Arch Ophthalmol May;122(5):750-7.
2764 persons aged 43 to 86 years , 10 year follow up:]
Participants exposed to the summer sun for more than 5 hours a day during their teens and early adulthood, were strongly associated with a higher risk of developing retinal pigment abnormalities and early AMD.
The Chesapeake Bay Waterman Study showed a group that had advanced AMD had higher levels of blue light exposure during their previous 20 years.
Another important study conducted by the Paris Vision Institute and Essilor was on the specific blue light wavelengths associated with retinal phototoxicity.
The evidence is becoming clearer on the hazards of longer term exposure to high energy blue light, …let’s watch another video.

23. HAVE ALWAYS BLOCKED BLUE LIGHT
Daylight Irradiance
Transitions® XTRActive®
Transitions® Signature™ VII
Transitions® VI
[Maybe use another slide to show how much our family of brands block blue light.]
So you saw how much Blue Light our lenses block indoors and outdoors- we also have posters in the hallway that provide this data as well.
So why do Transitions Lenses block blue light?
This graph shows the energy and the blue light region absorbed by the photochromic dyes in their bleached or unactivated state.
[BUILD]
Anything below the yellow line and purple line is blue light absorbed by Transitions 6.
This is also the energy that changes the molecules making the lenses darken.
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And as we pushed our photochromic dye technology for Transitions Signature VII, out further to the right, into the visible region, the molecules absorb more blue light.
This also gave us the enhanced outdoor performance
And with Transitions XTRActive we pushed the furthest into the visible region...
therefore absorbing the most blue light, providing the molecules more energy to activate outdoors and even in the car. It's a common myth that our products don't activate in the car....
This product breaks a common myth that our products don't activate in a car.
TRANSITIONS® LENSES
HAVE ALWAYS BLOCKED BLUE LIGHT