1. Modifications, Classification, and Outcomes of Elephant-Trunk Procedures 
Lars G. Svensson, MD, PhD, Gregory D. Rushing, MD, Edgardo Sepulveda Valenzuela, MD, Aldo E. Rafael, MD, Lillian H. Batizy, MS, Eugene H. Blackstone, MD, Eric E. Roselli, MD, A. Marc Gillinov, MD, Joseph F. Sabik, MD, Bruce W. Lytle, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 96, Issue 2, Pages (August 2013)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2013 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Classification of anastomotic sites of elephant trunk for repair of thoracic aorta disease. Classic elephant trunk: (I) ascending tube graft with total arch replacement and elephant-trunk anastomosis in classic position, distal to left subclavian artery (LSCA); (Ia) this repair with subsequent stent graft. (II) Ascending aorta tube graft with arch replacement and elephant-trunk anastomosis proximal to LSCA; (IIa) subsequent thoracic stent graft with proximal landing zone covering LSCA, and an descending-to-LSCA bypass. (III) Elephant trunk placed into large descending aortic aneurysm to be used as a landing zone for distal thoracic stent graft. (IV) Ascending aorta tube graft with classic elephant-trunk anastomosis into distal thoracic aneurysm, with branched graft for total arch replacement; (IVa) ascending branched graft for replacement of ascending aorta and arch, with end-to-side elephant trunk in classic position; (IVb) subsequent thoracic stent graft in type IV repair. (V) Ascending aorta tube graft with elephant-trunk anastomosis proximal to brachiocephalic artery and a branched graft for total arch replacement; (Va) this repair configuration with thoracic stent graft in distal aneurysm.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2013 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Survival after first-stage elephant-trunk procedure according to anastomotic site: classic (black, open circles) and between left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery (blue, open squares). Each symbol represents a death; vertical bars are 68% confidence limits representing ±1 SE, and numbers below horizontal axis represent patients remaining at risk. Solid lines are parametric estimates enclosed within dashed confidence limits.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2013 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Competing risks for second-stage elephant-trunk completion. (A) Proportion of patients alive without second-stage completion, having second-stage completion (open squares), and death before second-stage completion (open circles). (B) Hazard functions for competing risks: second-stage elephant-trunk completion (solid line enclosed by dashed 68% confidence band) and death before second-stage completion (dash-dot line enclosed within 68% confidence band).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2013 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Second-stage elephant-trunk completion and descending thoracic aorta diameter. (A) Second-stage elephant-trunk completion stratified by descending aorta diameter. (B) Descending aorta diameter and second-stage elephant-trunk completion by 2 years. Solid lines are parametric estimates enclosed within dashed confidence limits.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2013 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions