1. Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: What Do We Know and Where Are We Heading?

3. This program will include a discussion of data that were presented in abstract form. These data should be considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.

4. Introduction

5. Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical Subtypes

6. Progressive Disease: Overlapping Subtypes?

7. Radiologically Isolated Syndrome and Risk of MS

8. Proportion of Patients With SPMS and Other MS Phenotypes

9. Need to Detect Disease Activity and Disease Progression: Criteria for Progressive MS Phenotypes

10. Diagnosing SPMS: Input From Patients

11. Age of Onset of SPMS

12. Two Components of SMPS as Targets for Treatment

13. Long-Term Follow-Up on DMT Use: Conversion to SPMS

14. Recent RCTs in SPMS: Negative for Primary Endpoints

15. Recent RCTs in SPMS: Positive for Primary Endpoints

16. Understanding the Pathophysiology of Progressive MS: Potential Treatment Targets

17. Phase 3 Study of Siponimod: Reduced Risk of Disability Progression

18. Subgroup Analyses of Phase 3 Study of Siponimod: Risk of Disability Progression at 6 Months

19. Siponimod in SPMS Shows Distinct Results From Fingolimod in PPMS

20. S1P Receptor Gene Expression

21. Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Biotin in PPMS and SPMS

22. Extension Phase Results With Biotin: Improvement After Switch From Placebo

23. Phase 2 Results for High-Dose Simvastatin and Brain Atrophy Reduction in SPMS: MS-STAT

24. Effect of High-Dose Simvastatin on Cognitive Measures: MS-STAT Cognitive Substudy

25. Analysis of the Potential Effect of Lipid-Lowering on Disability Reduction With Simvastatin

26. Phase 2 Study of Ibudilast in PPMS and SPMS

27. Main Safety Findings With Ibudilast

28. Ibudilast: Background and Mechanism of Action

29. MS-SMART: Multiarm Trial Design

30. PPMS and SPMS as One Entity in Clinical Trials? Clinician Perspectives

31. Concluding Remarks I

32. Concluding Remarks II

33. Abbreviations

34. Abbreviations (cont)