1. Introduction to Chemistry
Papers go on pages 40 L/R

2. its structure, its properties, and how it changes
What is Chemistry, anyways?
The study of matter-
its structure, its properties, and how it changes

3. Matter
Matter = any material substance with Mass & Volume

4. Matter-
comes in 3 phases
Liquid
Solid
Gas

5. Solid
Definite Shape
Definite Volume

6. Liquid Indefinite Shape – takes the shape of the container
Definite Volume

7. Gas Indefinite Shape – takes the shape of the container
Indefinite Volume – can expand and be compressed

8. Properties of Matter
Characteristics of matter that can be observed using your senses, or can be tested during a chemical reaction
Physical properties
Chemical properties

9. Atoms The smallest type of matter is the atom
Atoms come in many varieties

10. Sub-atomic Particles Protons: in nucleus, positive charge, p+
Neutrons: in nucleus, no charge, n0
Electrons – orbiting nucleus, negative charge, e-

11. Elements
-Matter made of only one kind of atom
-118 known elements

12. Examples of Elements
SYMBOL
ELEMENT O
Nitrogen Fe
Silver C
Calcium

13. Compounds
Substance that is made up of different atoms bonded together
Compounds have different properties than the individual elements
H O  H2O
-colorless, odorless gas
-extremely flammable
-BP: ̊ C
-gas, liquid, solid
-universal solvent
-BP: 100̊ C
-colorless, odorless gas
-highly reactive
-BP: -183̊̊̊ C

14. Examples of Compounds NaCl H2O KOH H2SO4 H2O2 Formula
Elements Involved
Total # Atoms
Compound Name
NaCl
H2O
KOH
H2SO4
H2O2

15. Types of Compounds or Inorganic Compounds Organic Compounds
usually don’t contain Carbon
generally come from the earth
generally simple molecules
always contain Carbon, and usually H, O, N, sometimes S & P
come from within organisms
generally complex molecules

16. Examples of Inorganic Compounds
H + O
= H2O = Water
H + Cl
= HCl = Hydrochloric Acid
C + O
= CO2 = Carbon Dioxide
Na + Cl
= NaCl = Common Table Salt

17. Examples of Organic Compounds
C, H + O
Carbohydrates = Sugars, starches & cellulose
C, H + O
Lipids = Fats & Oils
C, H, O, N, & sometimes P + S
Proteins
C, H, O, N, + P
Nucleic Acids – DNA & RNA

18. Chemical Equations
Atoms are not CREATED or DESTROYED during a chemical reaction.
This is known as the LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS.