1. States of Matter
Solids, Liquids, and Gases
The Gas Laws
Phase Changes

2. Mixtures
Solutions
Substances dissolved in a homogeneous mixture.

3. Mixtures
Suspensions
a heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time.

4. Mixtures
Colloids
contains some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension.
Do not separate into layers

5. States of Matter Solids Definite Shape and Definite Volume
Very little Kinetic movement (energy) between atoms
To STOP movement you would need to be at absolute zero temperature= 0°Kelvin (0 K)

6. States of Matter Liquids
Definite volume, but no definite shape (takes shape of container)
some kinetic movement of atoms

7. States of Matter Gases No definite volume and no definite shape
Lots of kinetic movement

8. The Gas Laws Pressure the result of a force distributed over an area.
Collisions between particles of a gas and the walls of the container cause the pressure in a closed container of gas.

9. Gas Laws Factors that affect Gas Pressure Temperature (In Kelvin)
Volume
Number of particles

10. Charles’s Law
The volume of a gas is Directly proportional to its temperature in Kelvins
V1=V2
T1 T2
What conclusions can you make if the temp is increased? Concerning number of particles?

11. Boyle’s Law
The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.
P1V2=P1V2
What happens to the number of particles?

12. Phase Changes
A phase change is the reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another

14. Phase Changes There are 6 common phase changes
Melting-From solid to liquid
Freezing-From liquid to solid
Vaporization-From liquid to gas
Condensation-From gas to liquid
Sublimation-From solid to gas
Deposition-From gas to solid

15. Phase Change during heating
The temperature of a substance does not change during a phase change.

16. Cooling curve

18. Phase Changes
Energy is either absorbed or released during a phase change
Endothermic- system absorbs energy
Exothermic- system loses energy to the surroundings.