1. Cell Notes

2. Cell Theory:
All living things are made of at least one cell.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things.
Cells come from other cells

3. Types of Cells: Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Very simple cells No nucleus
lack many organelles
Contains only cell membrane, cytoplasm, & DNA
Bacteria cells
Eukaryotic
More complex cells
Contain a nucleus
Contain many organelles
Plant cells
Animal cells

4. Cell Organelles Organelle means “tiny organ”
Found only in eukaryotic cells
A tiny structure inside a cell that carries out a particular function

5. 1. Cell Membrane Surrounds & protects the cell
Controls the passage of materials into & out of the cell
Present in all cells

6. 2. Nucleus Controls all cell activities
Holds the genetic information (DNA) (deoxyribonucleic acid)

7. 3. Cytoplasm
The jellylike fluid that fills the cell & holds the organelles in place
Where all the cell processes take place
Present in all cells

8. 4. Mitochondria “Powerhouse” of the cell
Produces & releases energy for the cell
Breaks down food to release energy

9. 5. Ribosomes Make proteins for the cell
Found throughout the cytoplasm, and on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum

10. 6. Endoplasmic Reticulum
“Highway” of the cell
Complicated network of folded membranes
Transports substances to different places in the cell

11. 7. Golgi Bodies
Gathers, packages and transports proteins and other substances out of the cell

12. 8. Lysosomes Help cells digest proteins Digests food and living matter
Sometimes used to destroy itself

13. 9. Vacuoles: “Storage tanks” Store water, food, or waste for the cells
In plants cells, there is one large vacuole
In animal cells, there are several small vacuoles

14. 10. Cell Wall Rigid outer layer of plant cells only
Add extra protection, shape, and support for the plant cells

15. 11. Chloroplasts
Contain green pigment called chlorophyll that can capture sunlight
In plant cells only