1. Finnish experiences in deriving CORINE land cover information
Pekka Härmä, Finnish Environment Institute
Anssi Pekkarinen, Finnish Forest Reseach Institute
Anneli Partala, Information Centre of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
EUROSTAT Land Cover WG, Luxembourg – October 20, 2009

2. Contents Objectives in Finland Both EU and national needs
Overview of Data production
Usage of national data collection
Conclusions
Approach for the future
Points to be considered in LUCAS

3. Objectives of CLC mappings in Finland
Also national resources requested for the production
Produced data must fulfill the needs of national end-users
EU data not usable in national applications
resolution and nomenclature
>> National version produced parallel to European data
Best data in use & avoid overlapping work
Usage of existing national data from several national data producers
>> save costs, have the best quality data and experts involved
Open data policy
National CLC free also for commercial use
As wide user community as possible
- Low resolution: Forest cutting and growth parcels are small, applies also for urban construction
- Nomenclature: Nearly 80% of Finland is covered by forests; also imporant branch of industry; more detailed forest classification needed for national needs than EU- classification offers
Experties from national data producers
open data policy for maximal use of the provided data!!

4. CLC – data sources / cooperation
Forest research Institute
National Land Survey
National Forest Inventory
Basic mapping – topographic db
Forests
Ministry of agriculture and forestry
Soils,
roads, … EU
IMAGE2000, IMAGE2006
Agricultural land parcel db
Arable land
Build-up areas
Finnish Environment Institute
Population Register Centre
Dump sites
Mineral extr. Sites
vegetation
Environmental db,
Interpretation of satellite data
Building and Dwelling db

5. Agricultural land in Finland for CLC2006
Utilized Agricultural Area (UAA) 2.3 mill. ha e.g. 7% total land area
Arable crops
Permanent grassland
Fallow
Permanent crops
Main source for CLC: Integrated Administration and Control System IACS
IACS available in all MS
LPIS (Land parcel Identification System) part of IACS
- Low resolution: Forest cutting and growth parcels are small, applies also for urban construction
- Nomenclature: Nearly 80% of Finland is covered by forests; also imporant branch of industry; more detailed forest classification needed for national needs than EU- classification offers
Experties from national data producers
open data policy for maximal use of the provided data!! 5

6. Forests for CLC2006 Forests cover 70 % of Finnish Land area
Produced by the Finnish Forest Research Institute (Metla)
Finnish National Forest Inventory (NFI)
Started in early 1920’
Rotating inventory system with systematic cluster sampling
Approx. 100 variables recorded and measured in the field
about field sample plots are measured annually ( plots in all)
1/4 of the clusters are permanent
Multi-Source NFI combines field data with remote sensing images and digital map information to produce wall-to-wall forest data

7. Multi-Source NFI

8. Multi-Source NFI

9. From MS-NFI to CLC2006 Forests
Metla provides estimates (continuous fields) for
tree height (dm)
crown cover (%)
propositions (%) of broadleaved trees
Derivation of CLC forest classes & changes at SYKE

10. National CLC – 25m raster Working steps
Collection of available national data sets (points, polygons, raster, …)
Interpretation of missing data (automated / semi-automated)
Reclassification
Convert of all data into nationwide, separate raster grids
Data integration

11. Generalization from national to EU data
National LC
25 m raster
Nomenclature on 4th level
No minimum mapping units
Fully automatic generalization methods developed by SYKE
25ha mmu (CLC), 5ha change ( )
1ha tested in BOSS4GMES
Data dependent (Finnish Land Cover)
25 m raster
25 ha polygon

12. CLC2000 data delivery in Finland
Open data policy
Downloading in the internet after registration
Use in the environmental administration
GI system and
intranet map service
Over 200 downloads

13. According to our experience
National cooperation in Finland have resulted in accurate national LC/LU data
Validated also nationally
National CLC data is used widely
National data can be generalized to fulfill also European needs
According to EU validation
European financing has been (and is) essential for the production

14. Approach for future User / data provider oriented approach - bottom-up
Guarantees also national involvement and resources
Improves data quality
Minimize overlapping work
Guarantees also national usage for the data
Some tasks can be centralized
image preprocessing
European coordination and long term planning and funding needed
From projects to programme
Data needs of EU into account in national programmes
Combined usage of EO-based Land cover mapping (wall-to-wall) and in-situ observations network (sample) needed
Easily available in-situ data needed (cal/val/…)

15. LUCAS: points to be considered
Involve national GOs in design and coordination
Use existing expertize and national monitoring systems to collect the data
Avoid overlapping efforts
Synchronize with existing and established European level efforts: CORINE LC, EFDAC, (GMES Land monitoring?).

16. Thank you