1. All living things maintain Homeostasis.
Digestive System
All living things maintain Homeostasis.

2. Objectives for the Week of 11/9
Identify and describe the function of the major organs of the digestive system
Construct a model to illustrate the path of digestion
Differentiate between mechanical and chemical breakdown
Explain the difference between breakdown and absorption of nutrients

3. Digestion is….
Breaking nutrients into smaller pieces to make it easier for the body to absorb
Cells will use nutrients to perform functions
Importance:
Allows organism to obtain
vital nutrients for health
and survival

4. Digestion Chemical digestion – the use of chemicals to break bonds
*Enzymes: chemicals that speed up reactions
* Acid: break down/dissolve
Mechanical digestion – the use of physical force to break food into small pieces and increase surface area
Ripping, Cutting, Tearing, Churning, Peristalsis
Absorption – nutrients entering the cells of the body for use
Absorption
Chemical Digestion
Mechanical Digestion

5. Nutrition Water Vitamins Minerals Biomolecules Carbohydrates
Lipids/Fats
Proteins

6. Mouth Type of digestion: Mechanical:
Teeth – break food into pieces to increase surface area
Chemical:
Amylase= carb/starch enzyme in saliva
Special information:
Food forms a ball called a “bolus”

7. Esophagus- “food tube”
Type of digestion:
Mechanical:
peristalsis = wave of contraction to
move food
Chemical: NONE
Special information:
muscular tube transports
food to stomach

8. Stomach Type of digestion: Mechanical: Churning Chemical:
Pepsin – enzyme for protein
HCl Acid – weakens chemical bonds
*Mucus- protects lining
Special Information:
Food forms a liquid called “chyme”

9. Small Intestine: 21 feet long
Type of Digestion:
Mechanical:
peristalsis
Chemical:
from Pancreas, Gallbladder and Liver
Bile [fats], Lipase [fats], Amylase [carbs]
Protease [proteins]
Special Information:
Absorption:
nutrients enter the
cells by the bloodstream

10. Large Intestine: 5 feet long
Type of digestion:
Mechanical:
Peristalsis
Chemical: none
Special Information:
Absorption- water

11. Accessory Organs & Glands [food does NOT pass through]
Salivary glands
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas

12. Salivary Glands
Function: produce saliva to lubricate and begin breaking down food
Chemical: AMYLASE-Enzyme that breaks down starch

13. Liver- largest internal organ
Functions:
Storage
Carbohydrates
Detoxification
Removes harmful substances
Alcohol, medications
Chemicals:
Produces Bile for Fats
enzymes

14. Gallbladder- green sac under the liver
Function:
Stores Bile
Chemicals:
BILE for fat breakdown

15. Pancreas-gland near stomach
Function:
Produces chemicals
that digest proteins,
carbohydrates, fats
Chemicals:
Lipase, Protease, Amylase
Insulin- regulates Blood sugar
Sodium Bicarbonate (baking soda) – neutralizes stomach acid

16. Digestion Animation
Check out all the different types of food and what happens to them