1. Pick up the ½ sheet on the round table and complete it in the 1st ten minutes of class. Not a suggestion. 

2. Think…
What were the problems with the Articles of Confederation that needed to be solved?

3. Constitution

4. What was the Constitutional Convention. Why was it held
What was the Constitutional Convention? Why was it held? Where was it held?
Meeting of delegates from the 13 states,
To fix the Articles  then create a new plan … Called?

5. Purpose of the Constitution: The Preamble

6. Principles of the Constitution
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Popular Sovereignty
Representative Government
Limited Government
Federalism

7. Separation of Powers
“When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same boy of magistrates, there can be no liberty.” - ???

8. 1. Mon 2. Te 3. Squieu 1. Legislative 2. Executive 3. Judicial

9. Three Branches Why should there be three branches?
Legislative Branch
House of Representatives
Senate
Together known as Congress
Make the laws
Executive Branch
President
Vice Prez
Cabinet of advisors
Military
FBI
Executes / carries out the laws
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court
Interprets the laws (are laws consistent with the constitution?)
Why should there be three branches?

14. Popular Sovereignty Popular = the majority like it Sovereignty = power
Sooo… people have the power to vote and the majority rules

15. Limited Government
Preventing tyranny / corruption in the government. (they can’t do everything)
How do we stop a part of the government from doing something bad?

16. Checks and Balances
System in which each branch of government has the power to monitor and limit the actions of the other two.

18. Federalism
Powers are separated between a national and state government; however some powers are shared
CONCURRENT
RESERVED

19. Time out
How many branches of government exist under the Constitution? What are they? What person / group is associated with each branch?
What keeps one branch of government from becoming stronger than another? Which philosopher came up with this idea?

20. Issue: How many people will be members in the legislative branch?
Issue: How many people will be members in the legislative branch?

21. Representation Gov’t Virginia Plan: Bicameral legislature
Representation based on population
3 branches
NO right to tax
Which states would like this plan? Why?
New Jersey Plan:
Unicameral legislature
Representation is equal
2 branches
YES can tax
Which states would like this plan? Why?

22. Great Compromise Great Compromise of the Legislative Branch:
Congress = bicameral
3 branches
House of Representatives based on population
Senate based on equality
Wait! Do slaves count as population for the southern states?

23. 3/5th Compromise South wants more population = more power!!
North wants more power = if slaves count then make them citizens!!
Compromise = each slave counted as 3/5 of a person when counting population for the House of Representatives

24. Time out
What was the Virginia Plan? What group of states favored it? Why?
What was the New Jersey Plan? What group of states favored it? Why?
What was the Great Compromise? What are the parts of it? How is representation in the House of Representatives determined? How is representation in the Senate determined?
What was the 3/5 Compromise? What does the Constitution say about slavery?

25. Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists
Supported the Constitution
Supported strong National Government
Wrote the Federalist Papers to show why the Const. needed to be approved (ratified)
Feared the power of the people
Opposed the Constitution
Supported states rights
Saw the constitution as a betrayal of the
Revolution
Feared the power of the government
Feared for individual liberties
“Had American patriots fought and died to create yet another government to tax them and tell them what to do?”

26. Because they promised to add a
Who won?
The Federalists!!
Because they promised to add a
___________ to the Constitution, that way their _________________ would be protected from a centralized government.
Bill of Rights
individual liberties

28. Time out
What kind of people were Anti-federalists? They believed who should have the power in government? What were their arguments against ratification of the Constitution?
What kind of people were Federalists? Who did they believe should have the power in government? What were their arguments for ratifying the Constitution without the Bill of Rights?
What was added to the Constitution to gain Anti-federalist support? Why?
Who does the Bill of Rights protect? How?

29. George Washington 1st President
Take notes on 1st Presidential Election!!!!!