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Questions: What is the “Cold War”?
What do you think started this conflict?
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Beginning of Cold War
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WWII Conferences Yalta Conference Potsdam Conference
February Again Big 3 leaders Divide Germany into 4 zones after war Soviets agree to join war in Japan Agree to form a United Nations to keep peace Potsdam Conference August Again Big 3 leaders Talks don’t go well Truman is now President (he and Stalin disagree) Soviets insist on being able to keep land in Eastern Europe (Poland) Lead to division in Europe West- democratic East- communist under Soviet control
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Break-up of Germany and Berlin
After WWII, Germany was divided into 4 parts (US, France, Britain, Soviets) Goal- help rebuild and then give back to German people Soviets do not give theirs back Germany is divided West Germany- free and democratic East Germany- under Soviet control
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The Division of Berlin
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Division in Berlin Berlin divided West Berlin- free and democratic
East Berlin- under Soviet control Berlin is in Soviet territory Soviets will not allow supplies to be trucked in Lead to Berlin airlift US and others will airlift supplies into West Berlin
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Berlin Airlift Soviets block all roads into Berlin
US and Britain will fly aid (food, medical supplies, etc) into Berlin
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Iron Curtain An imaginary line that separated Communist countries in the Soviet bloc from of Eastern Europe from democratic countries in Western Europe
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Other US Programs Marshall Plan Truman Doctrine
US provide aid to countries in Western Europe Over 4 years, give close to $13 billion in aid Truman Doctrine US will help any country trying to resist expansion of Communism
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Europe Two Groups NATO Warsaw Pact
United States and its Allies (France, United Kingdom, Italy, West Germany) Warsaw Pact Soviet Union and its Allies ( East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, other Eastern European countries)
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US policy of Containment
Containment- U.S. foreign policy from 1946 until to stop/contain the spread of communism
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The Bipolarization of Europe
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Cold War at Home Fear of Communism Increases
HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee) 1947 Investigate Communism in Movie Industry Lead to blacklists (people with Communist ties who were not hired) Hollywood Ten- group put in prison for having Communist ties
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Other Cold War Stuff Harry Truman
Become President in 1945 when FDR dies Elected in surprise because he was predicted to lose Truman Doctrine- US will send aid to any nation trying to resist spread of Communism
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HUAC Cartoon
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