1. Integrated assessment of pressures, status and progress in implementing measures

2. Added value of reporting quality elements!
Phytoplanton
Quality elements sub-set of water bodies
Ecological status
One-Out-All-Out + Unknown
Water bodies
Rivers, lakes, transitional and coastal waters
Macroalgae
Angiosperms
Macroinvertebrates
Fish
Hydromorphology
General physico-chemical
Non priority specific pollutant
Up to 16 quality elements proposed – difficult to access status

3. Each water body has status information (incl. BQEs, HYMOQE, WQE)

5. Results of next reporting could look like the examples below
Austria – change status class
The proportion of rivers at good or high biological quality has shown no significant change between 2009 and 2012.
Source: Wassergüte in Österreich Jahresbericht 2011
Source: England/DEFRA May 2013: England Natural Environment Indicators.
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6. Example of different quality elemts
Overall ecological status
(all surface water bodies)
Total 758 river water bodies
Source: Anglian 1st RBMP

7. General physico-chemical quality
Ammonium UK rivers
Orthophosphate UK rivers
Gap
Concentration levels found in river water bodies classified as high or good ecological status/potential

8. Dutch example – quality elements supported by trend in water quality
Trend in phosphorus in regional rivers
Ecological & chemical status of surface waters
Physico-chemical quality
of surface waters

9. Pollution reduction from point sources
With pollution coming from point sources, we know that we are on track to meet WFD objectives in the near future.
This slide represents the trend in total ammonium, a point source pollutant of rivers (as mentioned earlier in the presentation). It also shows our projections for how long it will take to reach the WFD concentration levels comparable to ‘good’ and ‘high’ ecological status.
From our analyses, we estimate that rivers will achieve good ecological status for ammonium in the 2016 period.
For phosphorus, it may take 10 years more to reach concentration levels in most rivers comparable to good ecological status
Source: EEA 2012

10. Pollution reduction from diffuse sources
However, with the case with pollution coming from diffuse sources, the second highest pressure for Europe’s rivers, the situation is very different.
This graph shows the trend and our projections for nitrates. We estimate that there will still be a significant gap in 2028 between actual nitrogen levels and those comparable to good ecological status.
If the morphology is degraded or the water flow is markedly changed, a river with good water quality will not achieve its full potential as a habitat for wildlife.
Source: EEA 2012

11. Sources of pressures Driving forces Pressures State Agriculture
Urban
Industry
Hydropower
Navigation
Flood Protection
Climate change
Pressures
Water pollution
From wastewater and
diffuse sources
Water storage, and abstraction
Barriers (dams, weirs etc.)
Bank inforcements channelisation and straightening
State
Poor water quality
Altered and degraded river habitats
To achieve good ecological status, Member States will have to address the pressures affecting water bodies. Pollution is one pressure; morphological and hydrological changes affecting water flow are others.
There are many human activities considered to be driving forces that result in water pollution and hydromorphological pressures. Knowledge on driving forces should also prevent increases in the pressures that would cause deterioration of status.
Here are some of the main driving forces affecting the state of Europe’s rivers that we identified.
Some key measures that may help to reduce the pressures include:
The implementation of good agricultural practices;
Reducing emissions of pollution into water bodies by better wastewater treatment;
Improving the hydromorphological functioning through restoration and changed land-use (e.g. buffer strips);
Ensuring good environmental flows;
Removing migratory obstacles and transverse structures such as weirs in order to restore river continuity;
Sustainably reducing pressures to enable the water environment to recover
These measures will place Europe and Member States in a better position to cope with other environmental pressures, such as climate change and invasive species impacts.

12. First RBMP – reporting of significant pressures
The common understanding of a ‘significant pressure’ is that it is any pressure that on its own, or in combination with other pressures, may lead to a failure to achieve one of the WFD objectives of good status.
Percentage of river water bodies (78 000) being affected by aggregated significant pressures
No pressures
WB1,WB2 ... WBn
Point sources
WB1,WB2 ... WBn
Diffuse sources
WB1,WB2 ... WBn
Hydromorphology
WB1,WB2 ... WBn
(number of Member States)

13. Moving from level 1 to level 2
1st RBMPs
2nd RBMPs
1.1 Point - UWWT
1.2 Point - Storm Overflows
1.3 Point - IPPC plants (EPRTR)
1.4 Point - Non IPPC plants
1.5 Point - Contaminated Sites
1.6 Point - Waste disposal sites
1.7 Point - Mine waters
1.8 Other Point
Point sources
WB1,WB2 ... WBn
Good to know more details of the significant pressures
affecting water bodies, however, the significant pressures do not provide quantified information on pressures in the RBD such as
Discharge from urban areas, industry, polltion from mines etc.
Number of barriers, channilised lenght, lost floodplains
4.1 Physical alteration of channel/bed of water body
4.2 Dams, barriers and locks
4.3 Alteration of water flow/volume regime
4.4 Flow Diversions
4.5 Physical loss (or part of) whole water bodies
4.6 Modification of riparian area/floodplain/shoreline of water bodies
4.7 Other hydromorphological alterations
Hydromorphology
WB1,WB2 ... WBn

14. ? Diffuse pollution 1st RBMPs 2nd RBMPs
2.1 Diffuse - Urban run off/land use
2.2 Diffuse - Agricultural
2.3 Diffuse - Transport and infrastructure
2.4 Diffuse - Abandoned industrial sites
2.5 Diffuse - Releases from facilities not connected to sewerage network
2.6 Diffuse - other
Diffuse – Agriculture - nutrients
Diffuse sources
WB1,WB2 ... WBn
Diffuse – Agriculture - pesticides
Diffuse – Agriculture - sediment
Proposed reporting will provide data on the number/proportion of water bodies affected by diffuse pollution from agriculture – but not the real information on diffuse pollution
Agriculture,diffuse pollution pressures
Fertiliser use – nutrient surplus
Emission/loading from agriculture
Pesticide use

15. Point source pollution (BOD; nutrients)
Pressure
Water bodies affected
Measures to address this pressure
Emissions of pollutants from points sources
Source apportion of pollution discharges
Number/length/area of WBs affected by pressure
Measures: Wastewater treatment plants and improved wastewater treatment
Implementation of UWWT Directive
Activities/pressures that will be targeted with measures in this planning cycle
Number of WBs affected that will be targeted with measures in this planning cycle
Links to ecological status
Relevant drivers/sectors
Number of WBs failing to reach good status
Trend in water quality (BOD/NH4; phosphate)
Improvements in previously polluted waters
Population and UWWT
Industrial discharges
Expected effects of measures
How many WBs are expected to reach GES/GEP by applying these measures by 2015, 2021, or 2027?

16. Interruption of longitudinal continuity
Pressure
Water bodies affected
Measures to address this pressure
Number of barriers (dams, locks, weirs, impoundments)
in different size categories (e.g. height of barriers, large/small hydropower plants etc)
Number/length/area of WBs affected by pressure
Measures: Fish ladders for upstream migration; Bypass channels; Measures to support downstream migration and Remove barriers
Number of barriers that will be targeted with measures in this planning cycle
Number of WBs affected that will be targeted with measures in this planning cycle
Links to ecological status
Relevant drivers/sectors
* Number of WBs failing to reach good status
* Number of barriers that are impassable for fish
Number of barriers serving specific drivers/sectors (hydropower, navigation, flood defence, irrigation etc.)
Expected effects of measures
How many WBs are expected to reach GES/GEP by applying these measures by 2015, 2021, or 2027?

17. What do we really need to know?
Timelines of most important quality elements in representative aggregation to give a picture on progress
Information about significant pressures that allows to identify main pressure/impact relation and drivers on EU level (including regional distribution)

18. Inspire – some basics

19. Geospatial data under all water directives
No water information without geospatial reference
comparability, interoperability – geo-coding is the most important entity to distinguish and analyse an WFD data on EU level
updating the geospatial data – INSPIRE compliance, how does it help?

20. WISE data maintanance - need for - INSPIRE-compliant spatial datasets and - tabular datasets fit for integrated asessments
Tabular datasets
Monitoring data, status info
– water quality
(ID, parameter values)
Monitoring data, status info
– water quantity
(ID, parameter values)
Reported data, - emissions, treatment type, compliance,..
(ID, parameter values)
Monitoring stations - quality
(ID, ID-WB, coordinates, attributes)
Monitoring stations - quantiity
(ID, ID-WB, coordinates, attributes)
Facilities (industries, treatment plants,..)
(ID, ID-WB, coordinates, attributes)
WFD surface water bodies (WB)
Rivers, lakes, transitional, coastal
(ID, shapefiles, attributes)
WFD ground water bodies (WB)
(ID, shapefiles, attributes)
Udate frequency
WISE Main Rivers, Main Lakes
(ID, shapefiles, attributes)
Reference GIS datasets to be INSPIRE compliant and updated after certain period after any change made by MS
Tabular data regular reported by MS via current data flows – could potentially be developed into distributed system
This slide leads over to the role of Inspire in the whole game. It summarises the relationship and points out the main problem between tabular and georeference data sets in WISE
Reference GIS datasets
WFD River Basin Districts
(ID, shapefiles, attributes)
NUTS1, NUTS2, NUTS3,..
(ID, shapefiles, attributes)
Country boarders
(shapefiles)
Coastline(s)
(shapefiles)
Spatial datasets

21. How does it work? Users Geoportals Home web sites INSPIRE metadata
INSPIRE download service
Data / service providers
Download data to your computer
INSPIRE discovery service to search for data and services
Using metadata catalogue to search for data and services
Published on
Use (invoke) spatial data services
INSPIRE invoke spatial data services
Provided by
Use other spatial data services
View data
INSPIRE view service
This should only be an appetizer for the further discussion of the role of inspire. The important slide is the second one explaining that processes are doublicated at the moment. The two following scenarios are only examples for possible solutions to be discussed in the afternoon, not for in-depth explanaitions.
Make spatial data INSPIRE conformant
INSPIRE Annex I, II, III data specifications
INSPIRE transformation service

22. Reporting dataflow – now: reporting without INSPIRE?
Reportnet
Spatial data sets conform\ant with INSPIRE
INSPIRE View, download, other spatial data services
Discovery service on metadata
(B) Providing download and other services and direct access to data
Provide access to spatial data sets and services
Metadata for spatial data set and services
Duplicated data and double workflows !
(A) Uploading spatial data sets and tabular data
Country A
Sub-set of data for reporting
Data

23. Reporting dataflow – scenario 1: including INSPIRE into reporting data flow
Sharing registers, registry services
INSPIRE
Reportnet
Link to spatial data (URL, URI)
Discovery service on metadata
Central Data Repository
Spatial data sets conformant with INSPIRE
Ensure object referencing (geospatial object-identifier management)
Upload thematic data with reference to spatial objects
Metadata for spatial data set and services
Provide access to spatial data sets and services
INSPIRE View, download, other spatial data services
Download spatial data sets for reporting purposes, using (INSPIRE download service)
Country A
Data

24. Sharing registers, registry services INSPIRE Reportnet
Reporting dataflow – scenario 2: INSPIRE and direct access to data (but how would be dealt with the requirement to have an official Confirmation on the data being reported and version history)
Sharing registers, registry services
INSPIRE
Reportnet
Link to spatial data (URL, URI)
Discovery service on metadata
Spatial data sets conformant with INSPIRE
Download spatial data sets for reporting purposes, using INSPIRE download service
Metadata for spatial data set and services
Harvest, download
Provide access to spatial data sets and services
Ensure object referencing (identifier management)
INSPIRE View, download, other spatial data services
Services, interfaces
Country A
Sub-set of data for reporting
Data