1. An Introduction to Anatomy
A11RCM/Dissection/01 Thoracic wall, Pectoral muscles, Pleural Cavity and Lung in situ
SCRUBS:
An Introduction to Anatomy
By Chandar Jaipal

2. A lot of people have this expression on their face when it comes to anatomy, that where SCRUBS help make more sense and explain what is written in Moore and Agurs Essential Clinical Anatomy (mark scheme for the exam).
You have to wear your lab coat in the DR and when at dissecting, you should wear an apron and gloves.

3. Learning outcomes: Contents
Know the key features of the anatomical position
Understand the concept of anatomical planes
Understand how to use key anatomical terminology
Contents
Anatomical Position
Anatomical Plane
Anatomical Terminology
Terminology of Movement
Spinal Roots
Skin and Fascia
Radiology Rules
Quiz
Advice

4. The Anatomical Position:
Head and eyes facing forward
Arms by side
Palms facing forward
Legs close together
Toes pointing forward
Think patient lying down on a table.
All anatomical descriptions are based on this position!!
In the anatomical position the tongue is sticking up and the penis is erect.

5. The Anatomical Planes:
Sagittal plane
Vertical plane
Median plane/Midsagittal plane
Midclavicular plane/line
Coronal plane
Plane dividing body into front and back
Think CROWN
Transverse plane
Horizontal plane
Sagittal plane
Vertical plane
Median plane/Midsagittal plane – special sagittal plane that run straight down the middle of the body (dividing the body to equal right and left halves)
Another key sagittal plane is the midclavicular plane/line which runs through the middle of the clavicle
Coronal plane
Plane dividing body into front and back
Think – its is the plane your hands move in when you put on a Crown
Transverse plane
Horizontal plane

6. Anatomical Terminology:
Superior (cranial)
Medial
Proximal
Anterior/Ventral
Posterior/Dorsal
Lateral
Distal
Superficial
Deep
Superior or cranial – located higher up
Inferior or caudal – located lower down
Medial – located closer to the median line/plane
Lateral – located further away from the median line/plane
Proximal – located closer to the core of the body
Distal – located further away from the core of the body
Anterior or ventral – located anteriorly
Posterior or dorsal – located posteriorly
Superficial – located closer to skin (skin is the most superficial structure)
Deep – located further away from the skin, and so deeper into the body
Inferior (caudal)

7. Terminology of Movement:
Flexion and Extension
Abduction and Adduction
Medial rotation and Lateral rotation
Circumduction
Pronation and Supination
Mid-pronation
Elevation and Depression
Flexion – moving to bend joint
Extension – moving to straighten joint
Abduction – moving away from median line/plane (away = subtract)
Adduction – moving towards median line/plane (towards = addition)
Medial rotation – rotating towards median line/plane
Lateral rotation – rotating away from median line/plane
Circumduction – moving a joint in a circular manner
Pronation – moving hands to face palm down (mid-pronation is the midpoint between pronation and supination)
Supination – moving hands to face palm up
Elevation – moving up
Depression – moving down

8. Spinal Roots: Cervical – C1-C8 Thoracic – T1-T12 Lumbar – L1-L5
Sacral – S1-S5
Coccygeal
This should be revision from your previous lectures.

9. Skin and Fascia: Skin Superficial Fascia Fatty layer Membranous layer
Deep Fascia
Muscle/Organ/Bone etc
Skin
Superficial fascia – mainly fat, sometimes has a membranous layer (not always)
Deep fascia – fibrous layer, think of something the layer that surrounds a segment of an orange
Can have multiple layers, e.g.. Different layers between muscles (like how the segments of an orange are separated)

10. Radiology Rules for Transverse cross sections:
Imagine person lying down on table
In supine position
You are standing at the end of the table with the feet
Imagine cross sections through body
NB: Always use persons Right and Left

11. QUIZ A B Which plane is the cross section in A? Coronal plane
Which plane is the cross section in B?
Sagittal, more specifically…
the Median plane
Best to do the quiz in “Slide Show”. A B

12. Advice: Moore and Agur is the mark scheme teachmeanatomy.info
Acland Anatomy Videos
BioDigital Human
Complete task book in DR
Checklist
RESPECT your cadaver

13. Thanks for Listening @nottinghamscrubs @scrubsnottingham @SCRUBSNotts
References:
Essential Clinical Anatomy – Moore and Agur
Google Images
teachmeanatomy.info
KenHub
Any Questions? me
@nottinghamscrubs
@scrubsnottingham
@SCRUBSNotts