1. Principles of
Management
Learning Session # 15
Dr. A. Rashid Kausar

2. Re-cap of
Session # 14

3. DECISION MAKING
DECISION TAKING
THE JOB OF
THE MANAGER

4. The Manager’s Performance Results after Actions Action after Planning
Planning after Decisions
Decisions after Analysis
Analysis after Needs/Goals
Goals Setting after Analysis

5. Conditions Under Which Decisions Are Made
Certainty
Risk
Uncertainty
Objective probabilities
Subjective probabilities

6. Decision Making Decisions All organizational members make decisions
Choices from two or more alternatives

7. A Decision is not allowing events to take their course willy-nilly
A Decision is not allowing events to take their course willy-nilly. If you don’t decide, an outcome would still occur BUT ?

8. Effective Decision Making
Problem Solving Or
Decision Making
and
Decision Taking

9. Decision Making
‘The process by which managers identify organisational problems and try to resolve them.’

10. Decision Taking ‘The process by which managers take actions to effect
the decision.’

11. ‘Unless this step is taken,
Decision Taking
‘Unless this step is taken,
no real decision has been made and it has been an exercise in futility !

12. The Rational Decision Making Process
Define
the
Problem
Identify
and assess
Alter-natives
Choose a course of Action
Gather
Information