1. Prominence Eruption and Coronal Mass Ejection: A Statistical Study Using Microwave Observations Gopalswamy, N.; Shimojo,M.; Lu, W.; Yashiro, S.; Shibasaki, K.; Howard, R. A. ApJ, 586, , 2003
太陽雑誌会 2003/4/28
殿岡 英顕

2. 概要
下条氏のNoRH Prominence catalog と、八代氏 の LASCO CME catalog を合わせて、統計的 に解析したもの。

3. 2.Data Selection
Automatic detection of limb events at NoRH 17GHz, from 1996 January 1 to 2001 December 31.
SOHO LASCO C2 and C3, corresponding to the prominence events.
186 events total (excluding SOHO major datagap)

4. 3.1 Prominence trajectories Fig1: Typical prominence trajectories

5. Fig2. Time-height plot
T for Transvers e, 34/186
R for Radial, 152/186

6. 3.2 Prominence heights Fig3. Max height

7. 3.3 Prominence velocities Fig4. Average speed

8. Fig5. Speed vs. Height

9. 4. Relation between CMEs and PEs Table1: measured properties

10. Fig6. CME-Prominence relationship with association
An eruptive prominence of Oct 22.

11. Fig7. CME-Prominence relationship without association
An prominence erupton event of 2001 Aug 29
No discernible change on LASCO observations.

12. Table2: Statistical properties

13. Fig8. Height histograms
134/186 PEs were associated with CMEs, 34 no associated CMEs, 11 streamer change.
CME+PE events: faster and larger heights

14. 4.1 Source latitude Fig9. Latitude distribution
PE distributions:
2 peaks
events from almost all latitudes
3 from eqator
CME distributions:
One broad peak centered on the equator
almost all latitudes

15. Fig10: Solar cycle variation
CME and PE latitude vs Carrington rotation number
CME and PE occur at all latitudes during solar maxima and close to equator during solar minimum.

16. 4.2 Timing relationship Fig11: The difference between two onset time
Onset times of PEs and CMEs are roughly the same within +/- 0.5hr.

17. 4.3 Spatial relationship Fig12: Spatial relationship
The latitude offsets of PEs and CMEs.
More events with positive offsets
The latitude of CMEs is closer to the equator than that of corresponding prominence.
Positive offset before

18. 4.4 Core association Fig13:An example of the prominence-CME association
2001 Dec 19-20
Radio+EIT195+ LASCO

19. Fig14: Speed distribution of CME, core and PE
98/134 (73%) had clear whitelight cores.

20. Fig15: Core speed vs PE speed
Core speed is always greater than PE speed
fast PEs associated with fast cores (?)

21. 4.5 Streamer events Fig16: An example of streamer event
1998 June 1 PE
1.24 Rsun (initial) to Rsun (final)
streamer expanded
11/52 = 21% were associated

22. 5. Discussions
Munro et al. (1979):The prominences with large height have better association with CMEs.
Gilbert et al. (2000): CME associations are different (They are larger).
Hori & Culhane (2002): association with CMEs 92% vs 76%. The difference of selection criteira.
Yang & Wang (2002): association rate 10 to 30%, 65% for Gopalswamy's check.

23. 6. Summary and conclusions
Radial (eruptive) and Transverse (active) events
Radial events showed close relationship to the CMEs (83%).
73% of all the PEs were associated with CMEs.
Onsets of PEs and CMEs were nearly simultaneous, within 30min.
CPAs of CMEs and PEs generally did not coincide. CMEs – equator, PEs- AR belt for minimum, no such relationship for solar maximum.