1. Object Web Architectures Portals P2P XML
Euresco Conference at Castelvecchio Pascoli Italy June
EuroConference on Problem-Solving Environments for Numerical Mathematics, Science and Engineering Applications
Geoffrey Fox
IPCRES Laboratory for Grid Technology
Computer Science, Informatics, Physics
Indiana University
Bloomington IN
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

2. Distributed Objects Examples of current object technologies
Documents -- URL
"General Programs including database invocations"
Old Style Web -- CGI
New Style Web -- XML
CORBA and COM -- special "interface definition language" (IDL) defines invocation in C++ like syntax
RMI uses Java language as IDL language
Benefits of distributed objects
allows objects written in different languages to communicate seamlessly via standardized messaging protocols embodied by middleware.
Higher levels of transparency of interoperability
Objects can be “self-managing” of resources
provides flexible grain of decomposition for building complex systems
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

3. Distributed Object Web Technology Model
Basic Vision: Merge Web and Distributed Objects
E.g. Need to abstract entities (Web Pages, database entries, simulations) and services as objects with methods(interfaces)
CORBA .. XML is “just” CGI done right
COM(Microsoft) and CORBA(world) are competing cross platform and language object technologies
Javabeans plus RMI and perhaps JINI is 100% pure Java distributed object technology
W3C says you should use XML which defines a better IDL and with Schema an object specification model and SOAP an Object access model
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

4. 3-Tier Architecture and Different Object Models
There are several important Object Models: COM, CORBA, Java, Web, Oracle Database ……
But it doesn’t matter!!
Object Repository
XML File System (Web Site)
Request Or
Export/Import
Information
Middle Tier “Business Logic” dissociates User and Back End
Database
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

5. Emerging Object Web Multi-Server Model
Clients and their servers
Back End Servers and
their services
Middle Tier Custom Servers
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

6. Computational Science Grid: Multi-Server Web Computing System
Portals are user Interfaces to a Grid The World Wide Web is a big Grid
P2P Networks include Grids
Multidisciplinary Control (WebFlow)
Portal Control
Parallel DB Proxy
Database
NEOS Control Optimization
Optimization Service
Origin 2000 Proxy
MPP
NetSolve Linear Alg. Server
Matrix Solver
Agent-based Choice of Compute Engine
IBM SP2 Proxy
Data Analysis Server
Portals
MPP
The Grid
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

7. Global Grid Forum
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

8. Computational Grids
Exploit the analogy with electricity – make using a computer as natural as plugging an appliance (PDA, PC) into a wall socket
Make the ensemble of computers, storage devices, scientific instruments on the web “seamlessly accessible”
Link components of the grid together to solve a single problem
Clusters, metacomputers
There are computational grids, education grids, information grids, shopping grids etc.
The web is a (information) grid
Everything is an object
Generic access implies standards for API’s and protocols and services
USC (ISI Carl Kesselmann) and Argonne (Ian Foster) pioneered grids
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

9. Issues for Grids and hence Portals
Are the grid components pretty much fixed – such as giant ASCI supercomputers
Are they fleeting and mobile such as internet connected cell phones
The set of IP enabled home sensors, appliances and controllers is a grid
What are requirements?
anonymity, performance Security,, ease of use …
Different components and requirements implies that not likely to be just one grid but a federation of interoperable grids
What are the “standards” and who sets them
How do universities build grids they care about on graduate time while industry builds and abandons remarkable technologies on Internet time
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

10. Foster’s Grid architecture
What is difference between protocol (SOAP, HTTP) and Application interface (HTML, MIME)
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

11. ASCI Grid
Link the multi teraflop computers of ASCI together – today 12, 3 and 2 teraflops. By , 60 and 20 teraflops
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

12. IPG Architecture
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

13. Information Power Grid
Led by NASA Ames
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

14. Experimental Particle Physics Grid
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

15. Earthquake Engineering Grid
Links Experimental Facilities, Compute resources, people
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

16. Commodity Portals are Web Interfaces for Consumers
Yahoo, NetCenter, Amazon.com, Ebay.com etc. are portals for e-commerce, news etc.
We want to use these ideas in building computer interfaces
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

17. Hierarchy of Portals and Their Technology
Portal Building Tools and Frameworks (XML, iPlanet, Portlets,
Generic Portals
Collaboration
Universal Access
Security …….
Generic Services
User customization, component libraries, fixed channels
Information Services
Databases …….
Enterprise Portals
Grid Services
Visualization ...
Quizzes Grading ...
Education Services
Compute Services
Education and Training Portals
MathML etc
Science Portals
……...
……...
K-12
University
Biology
Chem Egy
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

18. Services in Any Grid Application
Security
Fault Tolerance
Object Lookup and Registration
Object Persistence and Database support
Event and Transaction Services
Information Services
Collaboration among users
Teachers and Students (Centra)
Market lead and Salespeople (WebeX)
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

19. Further Services in Computational Grids
Job Status
File Services (as in NPACI Storage Resource Broker)
Support (XML based) computational science specific metadata like MathML, XSIL
Visualization
Programming, Debugging, Performance Monitoring
Application Integration (chaining services viewed as backend compute filters) can be called Workflow
“Seamless Access” and integration of resources between different users/application domains
Parameter Specification Service (get data from Web form into Fortran program wrapped as backend object)
High Performance for general services
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

20. Learning Management Grid from DoD ADL ADL= Advanced Distributed Learning
Learning Server
Content Server(s)
External systems:
HR, E-Commerce, ERP...
Migration
Adapter
API
Application
Browser
Server Side
Client Side
HTML+
Services or Adapter
Course
Interchange:
Structure
Format (CSF),
Metadata
Runtime
Environment:
Launch, API,
Data Model
“Learning
Management
System”
LMS
Common Grid Services &
Objects
Client
Server
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

21. Properties of Educational Objects
Metadata from IEEE and IMS
Roughly Properties of educational objects thought of as “documents” (author, title …)
Course Packaging from ADL and IMS
How to form bigger (educational) objects from smaller objects
Enterprise Properties from IMS
Link to people (users) and organization databases (rather incomplete at present but must be important as probably can agree)
Tests and Quizzes from IMS
Specialized descriptors from ADL
Such as objectives, prerequisites, completion requirements
All Grids
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

22. Education Specific Portal Services
Administrative Structure
degrees, departments, lecturers, Deans ...
Performance (grading) information
Homework submission
Quizzes of various types (multiple choice, random parameters)
Assessment data and an analysis
Hierarchical Curriculum structure from document fragment to page to lecture to course
Napster/Gnutella type P2P distributed information system with personalized dynamic collections (analogy between CDROM of pirated music and dynamic lectures/personal info resource as in RealJukebox)
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

23. Some Science Portals and Services: Gannon
Project
Supported Grid Services JS JM IS FM AA CT SC EJ
Grid Standards used or will use
Needed Services
Gateway
X X X X X X X
Kerb/GSI, MDS, Gram, CORBA, EJB
Events, Collab, app resource management
Mississippi
X X X X X X X X
Kerb/GSI, Gram, GIS, CORBA.
Event,
Data access services
Unicore
GSI, GIS, Scheduling
Abstract Job
Metadata
Hot Page
X X X X X
GSI, GIS, Gram, SRB
Grid Accounting,
portal-to-portal protocols,
cert/key repository
Indiana
X X X X X X
GSI, MDS, Gram, GSIFTP, CoG
Events, app schema standards, RMI
Nimrod
Globus, Legion, Condor
Resource Auctions & Allocations
Cactus
Globus via GPDK HDF5, MPI
Resource Brokers
JS Job Submission
JM Job Management
e.g. File Staging
IS Information Services FM File Management
AA Authorization
and Accounting CT Composition SC Scripting
EJ Job Journaling
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal

24. Some Science Portals and Services: Gannon
JS Job Submission
JM Job Management
e.g. File Staging
IS Information Services FM File Management
AA Authorization
and Accounting CT Composition SC Scripting
EJ Job Journaling
Project
Supported Grid Services JS JM IS FM AA CT SC EJ
Grid Standards used or will use
Needed Services
GPDK-LBL
X X X X X
Globus via CoG
CoG-ANL
Globus, CORBA
Software
Installation
JiPANG/Ninf
X X X X X X
CoG, Jini, Ninf, Netsolve
Events
ECCE+ELN
GSI, GIS, Meta-scheduling
IPG LaunchPad
X X X X X X
GSI, GIS via GPDK
Lattice
X X X X X X X
OpenSSL, x.509
Discover
CORBA
4/28/2019
2and3tierportal