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CHRISTIANITY IN ROME P
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Rome’s policy on religion
Allowed conquered people to keep beliefs Worshipped many gods Banned religions if political problem
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Judaism & Rome Jews’ worship of only one god insulted Rome’s gods
Jews rebel against Rome rule Rome crush revolt, destroy Jerusalem, force Jews to leave city
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Jews waiting for Messiah
Jews believed Messiah would restore Jewish nation & lead them Many thought Messiah would come soon, like John the Baptist
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Origins of Christianity
Jesus born in Bethlehem & raised in Nazareth (Thus named Jesus of Nazareth) Preached and gained followers (disciples) Christians believe he performed miracles (healing people, feeding crowds)
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Jesus’ Teachings Used parables (stories to teach lessons)
Love God & other people (even poor, sick & enemies) Salvation (rescue from sin)
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Crucifixion & Resurrection
Arrested & crucified Christians believe he was resurrected he is the Messiah and son of God. He was thus named Jesus Christ (Christos is Greek word for Messiah)
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Followers teach others
12 Apostles – chosen disciples of Jesus (and later Paul) Peter (one apostle) became leader, traveled & taught. Eventually lived in Rome Wrote gospels (accounts of Jesus’ life)
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Paul Born Jewish & persecuted Christians Converted
Traveled & taught Christianity throughout Roman Empire Wrote letters to early churches (included in the Bible) Encouraged non-Jews to also be included Trinity – God the Father, Jesus the Son, Holy Spirit
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Rome’s reaction to Christianity
Most emperors allowed Christianity Some feared Christianity causing unrest & so banned it and persecuted followers (those killed for beliefs are called martyrs)
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Constantine Became emperor in 306 AD
Legend: when preparing for battle, saw a cross in the sky, indicating God’s support in battle. He won battle. Allowed Christianity & even became a Christian
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Theodosius I Christian Ruler Banned non-Christian religions in 381AD
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Early Church leadership
Bishops led local communities Bishop of Rome most influential. Eventually is known as Pope. (spiritual successor of Peter) Bishops lead celebration of the Eucharist – eat bread & drink wine in memory of Jesus
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