1. THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

2. “Slavery is a fire bell in the night that will toll the death of the Union”
Thomas Jefferson

3. Differences Divide The North and The South

4. Regional Differences North More factories
People began moving to the cities to work
Less people were farming
People from other countries moved to the North
Population grew rapidly to over 19 million PEOPLE!!!

5. THE SOUTH Farming remained the main way to earn a living
Most were small one family farms
Cut lumber, raised cattle, and raised just enough food for their own families
Population was a lot smaller (11 million) than in the North (19 million)

6. “King Cotton” Cotton was hard to prepare for market
The little seeds had to be separated from the cotton.
This was very hard to do and took a LOT of TIME
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin
Made cleaning cotton easier
Farmers grew more cotton and made more money
Needed more slaves to work the cotton

7. North and South Disagree
States’ Rights
South didn’t like depending on the North’s manufactured goods
Thought the North was getting RICH off of them

8. THE ROAD TO SECESSION! MISSOURI COMPROMISE
Compromise-a settlement in which both sides make concessions
Free state: didn’t want slavery.
Slave state: wanted slavery
Everything was EVEN until Missouri wanted to become a state
11 FREE STATES/11 SLAVE STATES

9. Missouri to join the U.S. as a slave state
This would make more slave states than free. It would be 12 to 11
Missouri would join as a slave state AND Maine would join as a free state.
Imaginary line would be drawn through the rest of the Louisiana territory
All territory south of the line would be slave and all above would be free

11. Results of the Missouri Compromise of 1820
Kept the peace for nearly 30 years
Six new states joined the Union – 3 slave and 3 free….still equal in number
AND THEN along came…California

12. Results of The Compromise of 1850
California = Free
New Mexico and Utah territories= people would decide if they wanted slavery or not
When the people get to decide it is called Popular Sovereignty
The South would get a stronger Fugitive Slave Law
Slave Auctions would be forbidden in Washington, D.C.
Geographically speaking: Why would the people of Utah and New Mexico decide for or against slavery?

13. Fugitive Slave Law A new law that said:
Anyone caught helping slaves escape would be punished.
If you found a runaway slave, you had to return them to their owner.
If they did not enforce the old law what would make them enforce the new one?
Was this really a benefit in the compromise?

14. HOPES FOR PEACE FADE Kansas-Nebraska Act
Gave people living there the choice by voting
Hundreds moved in to “vote” on whether to be a free or slave state.
Tempers FLARED and over 200 people were killed in the dispute
Nicknamed “ Bleeding Kansas”

16. Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

17. John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?

18. Does property have rights?
Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857
Does property have rights?

19. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

20. 1860
Election
Results

21. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861