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Urbanization
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Urbanization Urbanization definition - Growth of cities
Immigrants and rural Americans flock to cities for jobs Reaper / Steel Plow African-Americans migrated north
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City Advantages Jobs Factories Service industries Open shops
Work in offices (if educated) Connected by railroads Travel Ship goods easier Women Find work Teachers or secretaries Offered the ability to move up in class Work hard, make money Country, (always stay a farmer same class) Send kids to school Go see a show, shop, entertainment, churches, social clubs, museums
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No zoning laws
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Skyscrapers 17:23 mark
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Elevator-Elijah Otis
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Transportation Introduction of Mass Transit
Definition – systems used to move large numbers of people
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Mass Transportation
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L&N Railroad Depot
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Transportation Evansville early 1900s Street Car conductor strike
Car jumps the tracks and wrecks
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City Problems
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What is going on in this picture?
You know that kid is about to poke that horse with the stick. Its what little kids do. The poke things. These types of scenes were common: Dead horses in the street Horse maneure Trash in the street No running water People were dirty
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Housing Tenements Definition – multifamily urban houses
Very overcrowded and unsanitary
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Why do you think its called a dumbbell?
Multiple families live in these tenements. Multiple in each apartment. Many of them would share a common bathroom They would overflow
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Jacob Riis Early form of photojournalism in 1890
Exposed tenement living conditions to middle and upper class Police officer who traveled around taking pictures of tenement living conditions in New York City
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People living on top of each other
Trash in the street
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Kids playing in an alley
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Alley where sewage is dumped
Trash is thrown People stacked on top of eachother
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Holes in the wall Primitive bed Infested with bugs and rats Look how dirty everything looks
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Whole families had to live in one room
Ceiling leaking
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Living in shacks and huts
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More shacks and huts
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Whole family lives in one room
How many people are in this picture Crammed into two beds
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Water / Sanitation Poor water quality
Allowed for the spread of cholera and typhoid fever Sewage flowed through open gutters Garbage dumped in streets People living in shotgun houses with no running water A few feet from each other Outhouses in the back so all of your waste just goes into a whole Sewage and garbage everywhere Animals roaming around Can you imagined how that smelled
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Water / Sanitation How would you like to bathe in that
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Evansville Waterworks
Originally, water was pumped out of the river and into people’s homes with little or no purification. FEEL THAT!!
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Chicago Fire Overcrowding, no zoning laws
Building built on top of each other Fires start and spread very quickly Houses made out of wood Flammable shingles
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3.3 miles burnt in two days Killed hundreds of people Strong winds push flames
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Crime Dark streets were dangerous at night
Professional Police Officers hired Chosen by city officials Created corruption Gas street lights Tension between urban groups Lots of people walking around at night Poorly lit streets Easy to commit crimes Robbery Violent crimes Combat this professional police force will be hired Not just volunteers At first chosen by city officials making them very corrupt Invention of gas street lights thwart crime
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Old Jail – Built in 1891 Castle looking building downtown across from old courthouse Old jail Start of Evansville police
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Evansville’s Finest
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