1. DATA STRUCTURES 5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
Structured Programming: Unit 7 Slide 1

2. Objectives
Choose the data structure that best represents a type of data. Data structures include:
Use a single-dimensional array.
Use a two-dimensional array.
Describe a collection.
Describe user-defined types.
Declare and use enumerations.
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3. Array Storage 5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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4. Array Program Example Declare Rain[12] Of Reals
Declare Sum, Average As Real
Declare K As Integer
Set Sum = 0
For K=1 Step 1 to 12
Write “Enter rainfall for month”, K
Input Rain[K]
Set Sum = Sum + Rain[K]
End For
Set Average = Sum /12
5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
Structured Programming: Unit 7 Slide 4

5. Multiple Operations on an Array
Declare X[100]
Set Sum = 0
Set Count = 0
Input Num
While Num <> 0 //Fill array
Set Count = Count+1
Set X[Count] = Num
End While
Set Average = Sum/Count
Set OverAverage = 0
For K = 1 Step 1 to Count
If X[K] > Average Then
Set OverAverage = OverAverage+1
End If
End For
5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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6. Displaying Items in Reverse Order
Declare Names[100]
Set Count = 0
Input TempName
While TempName<> “*”
Set Count = Count+1
Set Names[Count] = TempName
End While
For K = Count Step -1 To 1
Write Names[K]
End For
5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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7. Parallel Arrays Declare Names[100], Sales[100] Set Max = 0 Set K = 1
Write “Enter name and sales”
Write “Enter *, 0 when done.”
Input Names[K], Sales[K]
While Names[K] <> “*”
If Sales[K] > Max then
Set Index = K
Set Max = Sales[Index]
End If
Set K = K + 1
End While
5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
Structured Programming: Unit 7 Slide 7

8. Parallel Arrays Flowchart
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9. Serial Search of an Array
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10. Serial Search Example Declare IDNumbers[100], Names[100] Input IDKey
Set Index = 0
Set Found = 0
While (Found = 0) And (Index < N)
Set Index = Index + 1
If IDNumbers[Index] = IDKey Then
Set Found = 1
End If
If Found = 0 Then
Write “Not found”
Else
Write “ID Number:”, IDKey
Write “Student Name:”, Names[Index]
5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
Structured Programming: Unit 7 Slide 10

11. Bubble Sort Pseudocode
While the array A is not sorted
For K = 1 Step 1 to N-1
If A[K]>A[K+1] Then
Interchange A[K] and A[K+1]
End If
End For
End While
5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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12. How a Bubble Sort Works 5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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13. Bubble Sort Flowchart 5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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14. Bubble Sort Using a Flag
Set Flag = 0
For K = 1 Step 1 To Count-1
If A[K] > A[K+1] Then
Set Temp = A[K]
Set A[K] = A[K+1]
Set A[K+1] = Temp
End If
End For
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15. Strings as Arrays 5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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16. Array of Scores 5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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17. Two-Dimensional Array Example
Declare Scores[30,5]
For Student = 1 Step 1 to 30
For Test = 1 Step 1 to 5
InputScores[Student, Test]
End For(Test)
End For(Student)
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18. Focus on Problem Solving: Sample Invoice
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19. Hierarchy Chart 5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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20. Load Price List Module Open “PriceList” For Input as DataFile
Set ListCount = 0
While Not EOF(DataFile)
Set ListCount = ListCount + 1
Read DataFile, Numbers[ListCount], Names[ListCount], Prices[ListCount]
End While
Close Data File
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21. Input Parts Order Module
Declare Num, Amt As Integer
Set OrderCount = 0
Input Num, Amt
While Num <> 0
Set OrderCount = OrderCount + 1
Set OrderNums[OrderCount] = Num
Set OrderAmts[OrderCount] = Amt
End While
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22. Sort Parts Order Module
Declare Flag, K, Temp As Integer
Set Flag = 0
While Flag = 0
Set Flag = 1
For K=1 Step 1 to OrderCount -1
If OrderNums[K] > OrderNums[K+1] Then
Set Temp=OrderNums[K]
Set OrderNums[K] = OrderNums[K+1]
Set OrderNums[K+1] = Temp
Set Temp=OrderAmts[K]
Set OrderAmts[K] = OrderAmts[K+1]
Set OrderAmts[K+1] = Temp
End If
End For
End While
5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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23. Search For Parts Order Module
Set Index = 0
Set Found = 0
While (Found = 0) And (Index < ListCount)
Set Index = Index+1
If Numbers[Index] = OrderNums[K] Then
Set Found = 1
End If
End While
5/3/2019© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc.
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24. Collections Like an array that holds objects
Must implement an iterator
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25. User-defined Types Stores attributes of various data types
Most commonly encountered in legacy applications (like VB 6)
Usually use a class instead of a user-defined type
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26. Enumerations Used to provide constants with a meaningful name Example:
Enum Measurements
InchesInFoot = 12
FeetInYard = 3
InchesInYard = 36
End Enum
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27. Summary In this unit, students learned:
To use single-dimensional arrays
To use parallel arrays
To perform a serial search
To perform a bubble sort
To store strings as arrays of characters
To use two-dimensional arrays
To design collections
To use enumerations
To represent data with a user-defined type
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Structured Programming: Unit 7 Slide 27