1. Cell Structure & Function

2. Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

3. Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

4. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell

5. Prokaryotic – Eukaryotic -
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic –
Eukaryotic -
Does not have a nucleus
Does have a nucleus

6. Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes
Few internal structures
One-celled organisms, Bacteria

7. Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms
Plant
Animal

8. “Typical” Animal Cell

9. “Typical” Plant Cell

10. Cell Parts
Organelles, which are:
Little organs, the organs of a cell

11. Cell Membrane
Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell
Double layer

12. Nucleus Cells control center or brain Contains genetic material – DNA
Contains the nucleolus

13. Nucleolus Inside nucleus Contains RNA to build proteins

14. Chromosomes In nucleus Made of DNA
Contain instructions for traits & characteristics

15. DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
Contains coded information that passes on every single inherited characteristic

16. Cytoplasm
Jelly-like fluid between cell membrane and nucleus where most of the organelles are found

17. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Tubes that move and store materials
Smooth type: lacks ribosomes
Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface

18. Ribosomes Each cell contains thousands Protein producing factories
Proteins produce chemical messages that run a cell

19. Mitochondrian
Produces energy for cell to use by breaking down substances

20. Golgi Bodies Protein 'packaging plant' Move materials within the cell
Move materials out of the cell

21. Lysosome Where digestion of cell nutrients takes place
Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes

22. Vacuoles Storage area for fat and other substances

23. Reproduction

24. Cell Reproduction Summary
Prokaryotic Cell Reproduction
Binary Fission
Conjugation
Eukaryotic Cell Reproduction
(reproduction of the nucleus)
Mitosis
Meiosis
After mitosis and meiosis occur then the cell itself divides and this is called cytokinesis

25. Mitosis The division of eukaryotic cells
The goal of mitosis is to produce two cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, meaning the new cells have exactly the same DNA as the parent cell. Fore example, mitosis happens when you grow.

26. Meiosis The division of eukaryotic cells
The goal of meiosis is to produce sperm or eggs cells, also known as gametes. The resulting gametes are NOT genetically identical to the parent cell. The new cells have only half of the parent cell’s This is necessary so that when a sperm and an egg combine at fertilization, the resulting zygote has the correct amount of DNA. The zygote then begins to divide through mitosis.

27. THE END