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Published byHartanti Darmadi Modified over 5 years ago
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Nitecapone as an additive to crystalloid cardioplegia in patients who had coronary artery bypass grafting Antti E Vento, MD, Juha Aittomäki, MD, Kalervo A Verkkala, MD, PhD, Lasse J Heikkilä, MD, PhD, Jarmo A Salo, MD, PhD, Jorma Sipponen, MD, PhD, O.Juhani Rämö, MD, PhD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 68, Issue 2, Pages (August 1999) DOI: /S (99)
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Fig 1 Hemodynamics in induction, before cross-clamping, after cross-clamping, when the sternum was closed, and 2, 3, 6, and 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Heart rate (HR) was increased in both groups and was lower in the nitecapone (NC) group than in the control (C) group (p = 0.06). (ind =induction of anesthesia). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 2 Hemodynamics in induction, before cross-clamping, after cross-clamping, when the sternum was closed, and 2, 3, 6, and 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was over 60 mm Hg in both groups (p = 0.66). Abbreviations as in Figure 1. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 3 Hemodynamics in induction, before cross-clamping, after cross-clamping, when the sternum was closed, and 2, 3, 6, and 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Cardiac output (CO) reflected better myocardial recovery at 6 and 24 hours after CPB (p = 0.75). Abbreviations as in Figure 1. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 4 Hemodynamics in induction, before cross-clamping, after cross-clamping, when the sternum was closed, and 2, 3, 6, and 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Cardiac Index (CI) reflected better myocardial recovery at 6 and 24 hours after CPB (p = 0.67). Abbreviations as in Figure 1. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 5 Hemodynamics in induction, before cross-clamping, after cross-clamping, when the sternum was closed, and 2, 3, 6, and 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Stroke volume (SV) reflected better myocardial recovery at 6 and 24 hours after CPB (p = 0.37). Abbreviations as in Figure 1. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 6 Hemodynamics in induction, before cross-clamping, after cross-clamping, when the sternum was closed, and 2, 3, 6, and 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Central venous pressure (CVP) was similarly increased in both groups after CPB (p = 0.82). Abbreviations as in Figure 1. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 7 Hemodynamics in induction, before cross-clamping, after cross-clamping, when the sternum was closed, and 2, 3, 6, and 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (PAPD) showed no major differences between the groups (p = 0.05). Abbreviations as in Figure 1. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 8 Hemodynamics in induction, before cross-clamping, after cross-clamping, when the sternum was closed, and 2, 3, 6, and 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) showed minor differences between the groups (p = 0.26). Abbreviations as in Figure 1. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 9 Gradient between coronary sinus and aorta with regard to low-density lipoprotein–peroxyl radical trapping antioxidant potential in relation to cholesterol concentration. (LDL TRAP CHOL) (μmol/L) showed that nitecapone (NC)-treated patients had better antioxidant potential than the control (C) group at 5 minutes after declamping (p < 0.05). 1 AD, 2 AD, and 3 AD = 1, 5, and 10 minutes after declamping, respectively. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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Fig 10 Myeloperoxidase activity of the myocardial biopsy (mU/mg of protein) was higher in the control (C) group but lower in the nitecapone (NC) group (p = 0.13). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery , DOI: ( /S (99) )
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