1. Anatomy of the Ankle & Foot
Lesson 28
Anatomy of the Ankle & Foot

2. Aims of the Session
This session will allow candidates to have an understanding of the Anatomy of the Ankle & foot

3. Learning Outcomes Ankle & Foot
By the end of the lesson the candidate will be able to
Classify and describe the articulations of the ankle joint including movements
Be able to identify the bony prominences
Identify the main muscles acting on the Ankle and Foot
Name the ligaments and bursae's of the ankle joint

4. Anatomy of the Ankle & Foot
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5. Articulations of the Ankle & Foot
What type of joint is the Ankle & Foot including the toes
What type of classifications are at the ankle and Foot joints
What are the main movements at the Ankle & Foot

6. Articulations of the Ankle & Foot
What type of joint is the ankle
Freely movable or synovial
What type of classifications are at the ankle and Foot joints

7. Articulations of the Ankle & Foot
What type of classifications are at the ankle and Foot joints
Hinge at the Talocrural joint, Tibia/Fibula/Talas
Talocrural Joint

8. Articulations of the Ankle & Foot
What type of classifications are at the ankle and Foot joints
Gliding at the Subtalar joint, Talas/Calaneus
Subtalas Joint

9. Articulations of the Ankle & Foot
What type of classifications are at the ankle and Foot joints
Gliding between the Tarsal bones,
Gliding between the Tarsals/MetaTarsals,
Condyloid between the MetaTarsals/Phalanges,
Hinge between the Phalanges.
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10. Articulations of the Ankle joint
What are the main movements at the Ankle & Foot excluding the toes
Plantar-flexion – Ankle,
Dorsi-flexion – Ankle,
Pronation or Inversion – Foot – Tarsal bones, also known as Pes Valgum
Supination or Eversion – Foot – Tarsal bones, also known as Pes Varus.
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11. Bony Prominences of the Ankle & Foot Medial

12. Bony Prominences of the Ankle & Foot Lateral
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13. Main Ligaments of the Ankle-Medial

14. Main Ligaments of the Ankle-Lateral
Calcaneotalo ligament (CTL)
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15. Main Ankle Region Muscles
Working as a group, see what muscles you can name that
Dorsi flex the ankle
Planter flex the ankle
Pronation or Inversion of the foot
Supernation or Eversion of the foot

16. Muscles which act on the Ankle & Foot
These can be split into four compartments around the lower leg
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17. The four compartments around the lower leg
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18. Muscles which Planter-flex the Ankle
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19. Main Knee Region Muscles Gastrocnemius, Plantar Flexion,
O-Lateral, Lateral
femoral condyle
O-Medial, Medial condyle of
Femur
I-Posterior surface of Calcaneus
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20. Main Knee Region Muscles Soleus Planter Flexion
O-Head and proximal 1/3 of
Fibula, Middle 1/3 of Tibia
I-Posterior aspect of
Calcaneus
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21. Main Knee Region Muscles Plantaris, Plantar Flexion
O-Lateral linea aspera and
Oblique popliteal ligament
I-Posterior surface of Calcaneus
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22. Muscles which Dorsi-flex the Ankle
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23. Muscles which Evert the Foot

24. Muscles which Invert the Foot
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25. Arches of the Foot
There are 3 main arches of the foot and are formed by the shape of the bones and supported by the soft tissues

26. Arches of the Foot

27. Arches of the Foot
The Plantar Fascia is a tendinous structure from the calcaneus to the metatarsals and on to the phalanges
It purpose is to maintain
the arch of the mid-foot