1. Pten deficiency induces strong stromal reaction with immune cell infiltration and promotes the development of invasive and metastatic pancreatic tumors in cooperation with KrasG12D.
Pten deficiency induces strong stromal reaction with immune cell infiltration and promotes the development of invasive and metastatic pancreatic tumors in cooperation with KrasG12D. A, six-week-old pancreata from KrasG12D (i–v) and KrasG12D PtenL/+ (vi–x) stained with H&E (i, vi), or with antibodies to SMA (ii, vii), S100A4 (iii, viii), Gr-1 (iv, ix), and FoxP3 (v, x). B, left, analysis of myeloid cells. Bar graph showing percentage of CD45+CD11b+Gr-1low (white) and Gr-1high (black) cells in total live cells of wild-type (n = 3), KrasG12D (n = 3), and KrasG12D PtenL/+ (n = 3) pancreata. Right, Treg analysis. Percentage of CD25+FoxP3+ cells within CD4+ T cells in pancreas of wild-type (n = 2), KrasG12D (n = 2) and KrasG12D PtenL/+ (n = 2) mice. *, P < 0.05; **, P < C, tumor invasion and metastases. Gross picture shows liver metastases (i). H&E staining shows local invasion into duodenum wall (ii), lymph node metastasis (iii), liver metastasis (iv), and microscopic lung metastasis (vi). Liver metastasis is stained with cytokeratin-19 antibody (v). Scale bars, 100 μm.
Haoqiang Ying et al. Cancer Discovery 2011;1:
©2011 by American Association for Cancer Research