1. Paper 1 Practice

2. What are 2 messages of this cartoon?

4. What are 2 messages of this cartoon?
There is suffering in the Soviet Union in 1921 – famine is its central cause.
Lenin appeals to the proletariat around the world for support.
Charity (the West) calls Lenin the reason for his people’s suffering.

5. Domestic Policies and Impact
Lenin
Domestic Policies and Impact

6. Lenin’s Goals
Seize power and establish a communist “dictatorship of the proletariat”
Spread the socialist consciousness, crushing all non-socialist ideas
Perpetuate global/permanent revolution

7. Bolshevik Revolution Three views
Popular uprising expertly led by Lenin
Coup d’etat with limited popular support
Now thought of as popular unrest combined with dynamic Bolshevik leadership
Immediate decrees as response to calls for progressive reform
Sovnarkom established late 1917
Name for the early government

8. Lenin’s First Actions Decree for Land Decree for Peace
Made land seizures of gentry legal, no private ownership of land, held in common by the people that farmed it
Decree for Peace
Russia would pull out of the war and begin negotiations with Germany, no further secret diplomacy
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk negotiated by Trotsky and Lenin in 1918
‘Robber Peace’

9. Lenin’s Actions Decree of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia
Set up the structure of the U.S.S.R, said any republic could leave
Lenin has already indicated he does not want to share power
The Provisional Government had promised a Constituent Assembly
Thought he was more democratic than Parliament
Held elections, did not get a majority, so he closed the Constituent Assembly down
Liberal parties banned in 1918, until 1921 when there was no more opposition allowed

10. Response to Opposition
In reality, those three decrees were in many ways anti-Bolshevik, but they did consolidate support
Edward Acton: No Russian government had ever been more responsive to pressure from below or less able to impose its will upon society.
Methods to gain control
Control of press
War Communism economics
Enforced by the CHEKA
Calls for continued class warfare
1921 Ban on Factions

11. Economics War Communism successful in winning the Civil War
Famine and poor working conditions
Widespread opposition rising shown in Kronstadt Revolt
Turns to the New Economic Policy in March 1921
Return of private sectors
Move away from collectivization, socialism
Primarily agricultural
Lenin justified it as ‘state capitalism’

12. Lenin’s End 1922 U.S.S.R declared Three strokes in the next year
Politically incapacitated
Rivalry below him
Trotsky a potential successor
Stalin well positioned as General Secretary, in charge of his health care
Died without his will read, a warning against Stalin
Stalin will exploit Leninism to his advantage in rise

13. Evaluating Lenin Success or Failure? Hero or Villain?
Consider not only his goals and his policies, but also quantifiable effects in Russia or the U.S.S.R.
Evaluating Lenin

14. Hero – Opening -

15. Villain - Opening

16. Hero – Point 1 -

17. Villain – Point 1 -

18. Hero – Point 2 -

19. Villain – Point 2 -

20. Hero – Point 3 -

21. Villain – Point 3 -

22. Hero – Point 4 -

23. Villain – Point 4 -

24. Hero to villain 1 -

25. Villain to hero 1 -

26. Hero to villain 2 -

27. Villain to Hero 2 -

28. Hero to Villain 3 -

29. Villain to hero 3 -

30. Hero to villain 4 -

31. Villain to hero 4 -

32. Hero conclusion
This slide will be determined through group discussion.

33. Villain conclusion
This slide will be determined through group discussion.

34. Video: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/history-vs-vladimir-lenin-alex-gendler
Historical Summary

35. Construct a political cartoon related to your personal evaluation of Lenin’s legacy. These will be part of a class exhibit on the socialist leader.
Do your best!
Political CArtoon