2. Shared Culture Both were independent city-states
Both speak Greek/used Greek alphabet
Participated in ancient Olympics
Worshiped same gods
Enemies of the Persian Empire

4. Government Direct Democracy - “the people rule”
Male citizens could vote for laws, elect officials, be elected to office, and serve on a jury
About 20% of population were citizens

5. Military Maintained an army and a navy Military was not a priority
Strongest navy in Greece
Allowed them to control nearby seas

6. Education Only wealthy families sent sons to school
Boys received a well- rounded education
Classes in logic, public speaking, and philosophy
2 years of military training at 18

7. Economy Based on trade Goods bought and sold at a huge agora (market)
Developed its own coin

8. Culture Valued art, beauty, and the free exchange of ideas
Architecture, sculpture, paintings, poetry, theater
Physical fitness and beauty very important

9. Women Girls received little to no education
Most learned household crafts (weaving/sewing)
Arranged marriages at young age
Few rights, must obey husbands/fathers
Could only leave the house on special occasions

10. Slaves Born slaves or captured in war Performed a variety of jobs
Some were highly skilled
Sometimes worked in silver mines

11. This is SPARTA!!!

12. Government Oligarchy – “rule of the few”
Included parts of oligarchy, monarchy, and democracy
Ruled by two hereditary kings
Elected officials ran day-to- day activities
Didn’t allow Spartans to travel
Usually didn’t allow visitors

13. Military Society dominated by the military
First priority of citizens was to be a good soldier
All men served until they were 60
Most disciplined, well- trained, and feared military force in the world

14. Education Weak babies left outside to die/be eaten
Boys sent to military school at 7
Toughened by strict diet, hard exercise, and rigid discipline
Encouraged to steal/punished if caught
Fitness test at 20 determined if they could be soldiers
Couldn’t marry/live at home until 30

15. Economy Relied on farming and conquering other people
Discouraged trade (feared new ideas)
Used iron bars instead of coins
Bars too heavy to steal but not desired by other city- states

16. Culture Completely centered around war
No great feats of art/literature
Did not care about “wimpy” things

17. Women Enjoyed more freedom than other Greek women
Expected to produce healthy sons
Girls trained in sports like running, wrestling, and javelin throw
Wives stayed home while husbands live in barracks
Could own property and go anywhere they wanted

18. Slaves Conquered neighbors became helots (slaves)
Outnumbered Spartan citizens and always ready to rebel
Treated harshly
Some rights
Marry freely
Sell surplus crops
Buy their freedom

19. Ancient Greek Wife Swap

20. Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC)
Sparta invaded Athens
Sparta stronger army, Athens stronger navy
Sparta and allies block Athens’ food supply
Athens surrenders
All Greek city-states were weakened by this war

21. Journal Entry
In your opinion, which society did women fair better in? Explain your answer with at least two reasons.