1. The Reforming Spirit

2. The Second Great Awakening
The Second Great Awakening stresses
over
were huge outdoor meetings meant to encourage people to their lives.
was a powerful speaker who taught that individual salvation was the first step to
free will
predestination
Revivals
reform
Charles Finney
“the complete reformation of the whole world.”

3. The Second Great Awakening
Why might a belief in free will inspire a spirit of reform?

4. Hospital and Prison Reform
Dorothea Dix
In 1841, visited a women’s prison near Boston.
Many of the “prisoners” were not criminals but
They were kept in dark, unheated cells.
5 out of 6 people in northern jails were
They had no way of paying back there debts while in jail, therefore they remained in prison for years.
Dix called for changes in how these people were treated, and as a result, debtors were no longer treated like
and the mentally ill were treated as instead of criminals.
mentally ill.
debtors.
criminals
patients

5. Hospital and Prison Reform
Why did Dorothea Dix seek to reform how the mentally ill and prisoners were treated?

6. Temperance Movement Alcohol abuse was rampant in the early 1800’s.
Men, women, and even children would drink heavily at various events.
Alcohol abuse often led to ,
, and
took the leading role in the
, which was a campaign against alcohol abuse.
Some temperance groups tried to get people to , while some sought to ban
altogether.
wife beatings
child abuse
the breakup of families.
Women
Temperance Movement
alcohol
drink less

7. Temperance Movement
According to the artist, what will alcohol abuse lead to?

8. Education Reform
and New York State took the lead in reforming public education.
New York set up school districts.
Mann was head of the board of education in
Under him, the state built ,
, and raised
Horace Mann
tax-supported
Massachusetts
new schools
extended the school year
teacher’s pay.

9. Education Reform
Despite having few opportunities to attend school, would open their own schools in the
was Quaker who opened a school for African-American girls.
However, the school was by a mob eventually.
People with began getting their own schools when schools for the and were opened in 1817 and 1832.
African-Americans
North
Prudence Crandall
destroyed
disabilities
deaf
blind

10. Education Reform
What do you feel were the most important reforms in education?

11. The Reforming Age "Matchbooks"
On the outside: the name of the reform movement and a colorful picture or symbol
On the inside: Leaders and Groups involved, Reasons for the reform movement, Success and Failures of Movement
The following reform movements must be covered in your Matchbooks:
Second Great Awakening
Prison & Hospital Reform
Temperance Movement
Education Reform