1. NOTES: Causes of the Civil War

2. 1) Missouri Compromise 1820 LA purchase land north of 36’30 = free
South of line = slave
All new land will be free

3. Nat Turner’s Rebellion 1831
Trailer for Movie: Birth of a Nation

4. 2) Wilmot Proviso 1846
Bill that would have made slavery illegal in territory won during the Mexican War
BUT, never approved… still don’t know what to do with territories

5. Compromise of 1850 WE GET TO CHOOSE!!! California = free
Territories of NM & UT would decide for themselves (vote) whether slavery would be legal (popular sovereignty)
Fugitive Slave Act = ordered all citizens to assist in the return of run away slaves.

6. Time Out!! What are the provisions of the Missouri Compromise?
What is the Wilmot Proviso? Was it successful?
What are the provisions of the Compromise of 1850? What issue was it trying to solve?
What is the Fugitive Slave Act? How did this cause more tension between the North and South?

7. Uncle Tom’s Cabin - 1852 Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
Book that showed the evils of slavery, and showed slaves as real people
Follows the story of a family of slaves as they are sold and try to escape
“So this is the little lady who made this big war?” … Lincoln to Stowe upon first meeting

8. Kansas – Nebraska Act 1854
WE GET TO CHOOSE TOO!!!
Missouri Compromise said what?
WE GET TO CHOOSE!!!
Overturns Missouri Compromise (gave north too much power)
KS & NE use popular sovereignty

9. 4. Who do you think this cartoonist sympathizes with and why?
Murder!!! Help – neighbors, help, O my poor wife and children
4. Who do you think this cartoonist sympathizes with and why?
HINT: Who are they for and who are they making fun of?
3. A platform is a document describing the ideals of a political party. Judging by the cartoon, what was an important element of the democratic platform?
2. What is a freesoiler?
1. What term is used when the “slave question” was to be decided by the people’s vote?

10. Bleeding Kansas -1856
The “Border War” was a series of violent political confrontations in involving anti-slavery "Free-Staters" and pro-slavery "Border Ruffians” in Kansas between 1854 and 1861
Both sides were trying to intimidate and influence the vote on slavery
"These men are all talk. What we need is action - action!" - John Brown
Preston Brooks (southern democrat) attacking Charles Sumner (northern republican) in the US Senate -- Sumner had given a fiery speech to the U.S. Senate which included insulting remarks concerning a member of Brooks' family; in retaliation, Brooks hit Sumner with his cane, which put him in a hospital for nearly five months

11. Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

12. Dred Scott Decision - 1857 Scott vs. Sandford
Slave sued for his freedom  Supreme Court rules 7-2 against Scott stating slaves are NOT citizens, slaves are property.
SLAVES = PROPERTY

13. John Brown’s Raid 1859 Attacked a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, VA
Plan to give weapons to slaves
Brown captured & sentenced to be hanged
President Abraham Lincoln said he was a "misguided fanatic" and Brown has been called "the most controversial of all 19th-century Americans.

14. John Brown: Madman or Martyr?

15. Time Out!!
5. What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act say? 6. What is popular sovereignty? 7. Why did the Kansas-Nebraska Act lead to violence? Who was John Brown? What role did he play in the failure of popular sovereignty? (what did he do?) 8. Who was Dred Scott? Why did he believe he should be freed? What was the Supreme Court ruling on his case?

16. Election of 1860
Lincoln offered moderate views on slavery (just did not want it to spread)
Captured the presidency w/o a single electoral vote in the south – a sectional victory HOW WAS HE ABLE TO DO THAT?

17. 1860
Election
Results

18. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

19. The South Secedes… Confederate States of America- 1861?
Outraged by election, not respecting states’ rights (they want slavery)
Secessionists – wanted the south to secede (leave the country), argued that since the states had voluntarily joined the US, they could choose to leave it
South Carolina was the first

20. “Stars & Bars” – Confederate BATTLE Flag
Jefferson Davis
Jefferson Davis was their president

21. Why do you think the border states would not secede?
The Border states in the Union were West Virginia (which was separated from Virginia and became a new state), and four of the five northernmost slave states (Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky). 
Why do you think the border states would not secede?

22. Fort Sumter
***Only 2 Union soldiers died during an accidental explosion during the evacuation from the fort. Oops.
Federal fort (owned by Union) in Charleston, SC (Confederate territory)
Confederates ordered fort to surrender … Union refused  battle
By firing on federal (union) property, the Confederates had committed an act of open rebellion  Lincoln had to respond, couldn’t ignore it

24. CIVIL
WAR