1. The Global South

2. The Global South Who is the GS? Development Hurdles
IMS, II & IF, ITS, GN reliance
GS Economic Development Tactics

3. IPE Categories of GS Countries
Emerging Markets
Coined in 1981 by Antoine van Agtmael when working for WB- objective was to create ‘a set of promising stockmarkets…to attract investment they needed to thrive’
Greater % of people =middle class (>$10/day)
Frontier Markets
Investment category- just below EEs
Countries in Transition (CITs)
Former USSR, Eastern Bloc
Growth rates differ

4. IPE Categories of GS Countries
Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
GDP p/c ave.=$750; most in Africa
Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs)
Debt relief
36 get assistance: 3 applied (2016)
Only 5 non-African: 4- LA; 1 Asia

5. Development Hurdles

6. Child Labor in Bolivia Reality of local situation Need kids’ earnings
Kids working anyway
Stay in school
Kids pushed for law
Keeps kids off streets

7. Criticisms of Child Labor Policy
Lack of enforcement
Kids in hazardous industries
Lack awareness of law
Need sex ed. and birth control
Rural family sizes
But, under-population issue

8. Sustainable Development (SD)
SD expectations
GS- AND- GN
Environmental issues
Human security issues
Need to diversify
Cash crops tax farmland; deforestation
Non-renewable resources
Nigeria- 75% of GDP  petroleum

9. Poaching in GS Lack of local investment
Wildlife damage crops, livestock
Poverty
Lack of job opportunities
Corruption
Arable land as national parks
Need to address demand

10. Gender Inequality UN Gender-related Development Index (GDI)
Country
GDP p/c Women
GDP p/c Men
Dev. Level
Saudi Arabia
$16,197
$78,689
Very High
Norway
$56,994
$70,807
U.S.
$41,792
$63,163
China
$9,288
$13,512
High
Botswana
$11,491
$18,054
Medium
Pakistan
$1,707
$7,439
Low