1. Tracking Eye Movements of Students Solving Kinematics Equations
Nick Oderio
August 1st, 2013
KSU REU 2013-PER

2. Theoretical Framework
The Multimedia Principle-people learn better from words and pictures than from words alone
The Split-Attention Principle-people learn more deeply when words (written or narrated) and pictures are spatially and temporally integrated in a presentation.
The Modality Principle-people learn better when pictures are accompanied by narration than when they are accompanied by written text
Mayer

3. Research Design

4. 10 (0,0) 120 t (s) v(t) (m/s) 20 vf x(t) (m)
The motion of an object along a straight horizontal path is shown by the graphs below. Determine the velocity of the object at 10 seconds. 10
(0,0)
120
t (s)
v(t) (m/s) 20 vf
x(t) (m)

5. x(t) (m) (0,0) 200 t (s) 40 10 v(t) (m/s) 25 vf
The motion of an object along a straight horizontal path is shown by the graphs below. Determine the velocity of the object at 10 seconds.
x(t) (m)
(0,0)
200
t (s) 40 10
v(t) (m/s) 25 vf
Displacement is equal to the area under the (v-t) graph.
Area under the (v-t) graph = Area of triangle + Area of rectangle  Area = ½ (base)(height) + (base)(height) = ½ (10) (25 - vf ) + (10) (vf)
Displacement, x = 200 m – 40 m = 160 m from (x-t) graph.
3) Equate the answer of (1) and (2) to get vf =7.0 m/s .

6. = Find area under the (a-t) graph 5 t (s) (0,0) v(t) (m/s) 30
The motion of an object along a straight horizontal path is shown by the graphs below. Determine the displacement of the object.
Find area under the
(a-t) graph 5
t (s)
(0,0)
v(t) (m/s) 30
a (t) (m/s2) 10 50
200 vf
Area = Area of Pink Rectangle
Area of Brown Rectangle
Area = 5(30)+5(10)
Change in velocity,
v = vf – 50 m/s
Area = 200 m/s
Change in velocity from (v-t) graph =
Area under the (a-t) graph
vf – 50 m/s = 200 m/s
vf = 250 m/s

7. Eye Movement Data

8. Eye Movement Data Output
Lines in File
Lines Read
Start Time (s)
End Time (s)
Recorded Time (s)
# Fix Found
Dwell Time (s)
Avg Fix Duration (s)
Avg Saccade Length (px)
15619
3480 51
109 58
133
33.871
Area
# Fix in Area
% Dwell Time
% Image Dwell
Area of AOI (px^2)
% Total Area
% of Image Space
% Dwell/% Area
% Dwell Image/% Image Space 1
126
32.419
100
745472 2 38
11.394
180264 3 40
9.361
28.875
190414 4 9
2.361
25254
2.1498 5
0.718
18038

9. Correctness Data Analysis
Chi Squared Test
Shows whether or not there is a significant difference in students’ performance between any two problems
If p < 0.05 then the difference is significant
If the difference is significant, then we look at the “Cramer v”
Higher values for v mean a more significant change
Example: Pb(1-5)
Χ2 (1, 88) = 6.984, p = 0.016, v = 0.282

10. Correctness Data * * *
* = significant difference when compared to respective initial problem

11. Correctness Data
* = significant difference

12. Future Work Completely analyze and interpret eye movement data
There is improvement over time from the initial static problem
Integrate eye movement data with correctness data

13. My Sincere Thanks To. . . Dr. Sanjay Rebello
Elise Agra (graduate student)
Dr. Neelam Khan (visiting professor)
Amy Rouinfar (graduate student)
Dr. Kristan Corwin
Dr. Larry Weaver

14. Work Cited
Mayer, R. E. The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning. New York, NY: Cambridge Univ Pr, Print.