TEN STEPS to BUILDING COLLEGE READING SKILLS

TEN STEPS to BUILDING COLLEGE READING SKILLS
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TEN STEPS to BUILDING COLLEGE READING SKILLS
SIXTH EDITION TEN STEPS to BUILDING COLLEGE READING SKILLS John Langan Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.
TEN STEPS to BUILDING COLLEGE READING SKILLS SIXTH EDITION 9 Implied Main Ideas See page 355 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas This Chapter in a Nutshell Main ideas may be clearly suggested, or implied, rather than stated directly. In such cases, look closely at the supporting details. Then decide what general idea includes or summarizes those details. See page 355 in textbook. A general idea must “fit” the details; it must not be either too narrow or too broad for those details. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas What Are Implied Main Ideas? Main ideas are not always stated directly. Sometimes you must infer them from the evidence presented. See page 355 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas What Are Implied Main Ideas? What is the main idea of this poster? See page 355 in textbook. Consider the details: There’s a hangman’s noose around one cigarette, and the other cigarettes are waiting in line for the noose. Consider the details: There’s a hangman’s noose around one cigarette, and the other cigarettes are waiting in line for the noose. These details vividly express the idea that smoking kills, so anyone who smokes is waiting in line to die. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas What Are Implied Main Ideas? What is the implied main idea of the cartoon? 1. The speaker will not be happy anywhere. 1. The speaker will not be happy anywhere. 2. The speaker wants to live somewhere else. 3. The speaker does not get along with the other two penguins. 3. The speaker does not get along with the other two penguins. See page 356 in textbook. The penguin is complaining about the place where he lives. And all of the things the speaker is unhappy about are things that cannot be changed—the temperature, the snow, and what others look like. The penguin is complaining about the place where he lives. And all of the things the speaker is unhappy about are things that cannot be changed—the temperature, the snow, and what others look like. These details all imply that the penguin wants to live somewhere else. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading In reading as well as in visual materials, the main idea is often not directly stated, but clearly implied. See page 357 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading Read the passage below and see if you can infer its main idea. I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. See page 357 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. Which of these statements best summarizes all the supporting details? A. The writer is losing his mind. B. Gray rats and pit bulls are scary animals. C. Everyone has nightmares. D. The writer had a really bad dream. See page 357 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. A. The writer is losing his mind. B. Gray rats and pit bulls are scary animals. See page 357 in textbook. C. Everyone has nightmares. D. The writer had a really bad dream. You may at first have thought the writer was indeed going mad. But the last sentence makes clear that the disturbing details of the paragraph were in a nightmare. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. A. The writer is losing his mind. B. Gray rats and pit bulls are scary animals. C. Everyone has nightmares. D. The writer had a really bad dream. See page 357 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. B. Gray rats and pit bulls are scary animals. C. Everyone has nightmares. D. The writer had a really bad dream. See page 357 in textbook. The statement that the rats and pit bulls are scary doesn’t account for the last line of the paragraph, in which the writer reveals that all the details up to that point were in a nightmare. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. B. Gray rats and pit bulls are scary animals. C. Everyone has nightmares. D. The writer had a really bad dream. See page 357 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. C. Everyone has nightmares. D. The writer had a really bad dream. See page 357 in textbook. The scary details of the paragraph are in one person’s dream, but there’s no support for the statement that everyone has nightmares. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. C. Everyone has nightmares. D. The writer had a really bad dream. See page 357 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. D. The writer had a really bad dream. See page 357 in textbook. The words “I did my best to wake up as quickly as possible” plus all the scary details make clear that item D is the implied main idea. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading I was in an alley dressed in light summer clothing. Coming out of the darkness at the end of the alley were hundreds of large gray rats. Their razor-sharp teeth glistened with saliva, and their eyes glowed red with a cold fury. I turned to run away, but attacking in the other direction were a dozen angry dogs—pit bulls! And these particular pit bulls were foaming at the mouth; they all had rabies. “Just my luck,” I muttered and did my best to wake up as quickly as possible. The writer had a really bad dream. Implied main idea: See page 357 in textbook. As this paragraph shows, a paragraph may lack a main idea sentence, but that doesn’t mean it lacks a main idea. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading Following is a four-step process that will develop your skill at finding implied main ideas. See page 357 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas Learning how to find unstated general ideas or subjects is a helpful step in finding unstated main ideas. See page 358 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Specific ideas: baseball cap, football helmet, Easter bonnet
CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas Read the following list of specific items, and then choose the general idea that best covers them. Specific ideas: baseball cap, football helmet, Easter bonnet The general idea is A. sports hats. B. clothing. C. hats. See page 358 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas Specific ideas: baseball cap, football helmet, Easter bonnet The general idea is A. sports hats. B. clothing. C. hats. Too narrow See page 358 in textbook. Since an Easter bonnet is not a sports hat, answer A is wrong—it is too narrow to cover all the specific ideas. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas Specific ideas: baseball cap, football helmet, Easter bonnet The general idea is A. sports hats. B. clothing. C. hats. Too narrow Too broad See page 358 in textbook. Answer B is incorrect because it is too broad. All of the specific ideas are items of clothing, but they have more in common than that—they are only items of clothing worn on the head. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas Specific ideas: baseball cap, football helmet, Easter bonnet The general idea is A. sports hats. B. clothing. C. hats. Too narrow Too broad See page 358 in textbook. Answer C is the correct choice. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas When you are looking for the general idea, remember these points: 1 The general idea must cover all of the specific ideas. (Hats covers baseball cap, football helmet, and Easter bonnet.) 2 The general idea must not be so narrow that it excludes any of the specific ideas. (Sports hats is too narrow—it does not cover Easter bonnet.) See page 358 in textbook. 3 A general idea that covers many kinds of specific ideas in addition to the ones in the list is too broad. (Clothing is too broad—it covers specific ideas in addition to hats, such as shoes and pajamas.) Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas Read the following list of specific ideas, and then choose the general idea. “I couldn’t take the final because my grandmother died.” “I couldn’t come to work because I had a migraine headache.” “I couldn’t study because I forgot to bring my book home.” Specific ideas The general idea is A. common remarks. B. common excuses. C. common student excuses. See page 358 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas “I couldn’t take the final because my grandmother died.” “I couldn’t come to work because I had a migraine headache.” “I couldn’t study because I forgot to bring my book home.” Specific ideas The general idea is A. common remarks. B. common excuses. C. common student excuses. Too broad See page 359 in textbook. The specific ideas are common remarks. Yet common remarks covers various types of remarks—common compliments, common greetings, common excuses, and so on. Thus, answer A is too broad. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas “I couldn’t take the final because my grandmother died.” “I couldn’t come to work because I had a migraine headache.” “I couldn’t study because I forgot to bring my book home.” Specific ideas The general idea is A. common remarks. B. common excuses. C. common student excuses. Too narrow Answer C is too narrow because only two of the three specific ideas are student excuses; one is a worker excuse. See page 359 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 1: Recognizing Implied General Ideas “I couldn’t take the final because my grandmother died.” “I couldn’t come to work because I had a migraine headache.” “I couldn’t study because I forgot to bring my book home.” Specific ideas The general idea is A. common remarks. B. common excuses. C. common student excuses. See page 359 in textbook. All of the specific ideas are one type of common remark—common excuses. Answer B is the general idea. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Step 2: Putting Implied General Ideas into Your Own Words
CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading Step 2: Putting Implied General Ideas into Your Own Words Consider the four specific ideas, and then decide on a general idea that is neither too broad nor too narrow. Specific ideas: orange juice water milk blood What is the general idea? See page 361 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Specific ideas: orange juice water milk blood
CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 2: Putting Implied General Ideas into Your Own Words Specific ideas: orange juice water milk blood Beverages Not a beverage What is the general idea? See page 361 in textbook. At first glance it might seem that the general idea of these specific ideas is beverages. But blood does not fall into that category (except for Dracula). Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

Specific ideas: orange juice water milk blood
CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 2: Putting Implied General Ideas into Your Own Words Specific ideas: orange juice water milk blood Liquids What is the general idea? See page 361 in textbook. You must use a broader general idea to include blood. Thus the general idea here is liquids. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading Step 3: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas I When figuring out an unstated main idea, your choice of an unstated main idea must not be too broad or too narrow. You must select a general statement that includes all or most of the specific ideas. See page 363 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 3: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas I Read the supporting statements below. Then choose the idea that you think is the unstated point. Men accuse women of not trusting them. Men complain that women have little interest in sports. Men say that women change the subject when they’re losing an argument. Support Point: The unstated main idea is: A. Men think women don’t trust them. B. Men accuse women of talking too much. C. Men have various complaints about women. D. Men have strong positive and negative views about women. See page 363 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 3: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas I Men accuse women of not trusting them. Men complain that women have little interest in sports. Men say that women change the subject when they’re losing an argument. Support Point: The unstated main idea is: A. Men think women don’t trust them. Too narrow B. Men accuse women of talking too much. C. Men have various complaints about women. See page 363 in textbook. D. Men have strong positive and negative views about women. Item A is too narrow to be the unstated main idea. It applies to only one of the statements, the first one. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 3: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas I Men accuse women of not trusting them. Men complain that women have little interest in sports. Men say that women change the subject when they’re losing an argument. Support Point: The unstated main idea is: B. Men accuse women of talking too much. 1 2 3 A. Men think women don’t trust them. 4 Too narrow C. Men have various complaints about women. See page 363 in textbook. D. Men have strong positive and negative views about women. Item B is also too narrow to be the main idea. It is a specific complaint, like each of the three supporting details. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 3: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas I Men accuse women of not trusting them. Men complain that women have little interest in sports. Men say that women change the subject when they’re losing an argument. Support Point: The unstated main idea is: D. Men have strong positive and negative views about women. A. Men think women don’t trust them. B. Men accuse women of talking too much. C. Men have various complaints about women. See page 363 in textbook. Too broad Item D is too broad. It refers to positive views about women as well as negative ones. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 3: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas I Men accuse women of not trusting them. Men complain that women have little interest in sports. Men say that women change the subject when they’re losing an argument. Support Point: The unstated main idea is: A. Men think women don’t trust them. B. Men accuse women of talking too much. C. Men have various complaints about women. See page 363 in textbook. D. Men have strong positive and negative views about women. Item C is the main idea—it covers all three of the supporting statements (each of which is a specific complaint about women). Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II The final step is to work at finding implied main ideas in paragraphs. See page 365 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II Read the paragraph below. Then choose the statement that best expresses its main idea. If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. A. Children’s stories are about stepfamilies. B. Cinderella was treated like a slave. C. Animals and children are important characters in children’s stories. D. Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. The unstated main idea is: See page 365 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II An important clue to the main idea of this paragraph is the first sentence. If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. The unstated main idea is: A. Children’s stories are about stepfamilies. B. Cinderella was treated like a slave. See page 365 in textbook. C. Animals and children are important characters in children’s stories. D. Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II From this we see that, in addition to having to cover most or all of the details, the main idea must be about something surprising in children’s stories. If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. The unstated main idea is: A. Children’s stories are about stepfamilies. B. Cinderella was treated like a slave. See page 365 in textbook. C. Animals and children are important characters in children’s stories. D. Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. x 1 2 x x The unstated main idea is: Too narrow A. Children’s stories are about stepfamilies. B. Cinderella was treated like a slave. See page 366 in textbook. C. Animals and children are important characters in children’s stories. D. Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. Only two of the details of the paragraph are about stepfamilies. This statement does not include Little Red Riding Hood or the three blind mice. Also, it is not surprising. So answer A is too narrow to be the main idea. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. x x 1 x x The unstated main idea is: A. Children’s stories are about stepfamilies. Too narrow B. Cinderella was treated like a slave. See page 366 in textbook. C. Animals and children are important characters in children’s stories. D. Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. Only one of the details in the paragraph is about Cinderella, so answer B is much too narrow to be the main idea. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. x 1 x 2 3 The unstated main idea is: A. Children’s stories are about stepfamilies. B. Cinderella was treated like a slave. See page 366 in textbook. Too narrow C. Animals and children are important characters in children’s stories. D. Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. The detail about Cinderella has nothing to do with animals and children. Also, this answer is not surprising—most people would expect animals and children to be common characters in children’s stories. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. The unstated main idea is: A. Children’s stories are about stepfamilies. B. Cinderella was treated like a slave. C. Animals and children are important characters in children’s stories. See page 366 in textbook. D. Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. The unstated main idea is: D. Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. The fact that children’s stories deal with very mean and violent behavior could surprise people, since many think such themes are not suited to children. The fact that children’s stories deal with very mean and violent behavior could surprise people, since many think such themes are not suited to children. See page 366 in textbook. And all of the examples in the paragraph are about children’s stories that include evil and violence. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Finding Implied Main Ideas in Reading / Step 4: Recognizing Implied Main Ideas II If people stop to think about the plots in children’s stories, they may be surprised. Hansel and Gretel, for example, were abandoned by their father and stepmother and left to wander in a dark forest. In another well-known story, Cinderella was treated like a slave by her stepmother and stepsisters. Then there is the case of Little Red Riding Hood, who was eaten by a wild animal. Finally, consider the example of the three blind mice. As if being blind were not bad enough, they also had to deal with the horror of having their tails cut off by the farmer’s wife. The unstated main idea is: Children’s stories often deal with evil and violence. See page 366 in textbook. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 9 Implied Main Ideas Chapter Review In this chapter, you learned the following: At times authors imply, or suggest, a main idea without stating it directly in one sentence. You can figure out an implied main idea by looking closely at the supporting details. To find the main idea, look for a general idea that exactly covers the details in question, rather than one that is too broad or too narrow. See page 368 in textbook. The final chapter in Part One—Chapter 10—will deepen your ability to think in a clear and logical way. Copyright © 2016 Townsend Press. All rights reserved.

TEN STEPS to BUILDING COLLEGE READING SKILLS

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