1. Exploring Space
What is out there?

2. Boldly Go…? 1972 – Pioneer 10 1977 - Voyager 1 & 2
Fly past Jupiter and keep going, last transmission January 2003
Voyager 1 & 2
Left the solar system and still transmitting
Golden record with many different sounds on it

3. Models of Planetary Motion
Geocentric – earth centred
Caused retrograde motion = certain planets moved backward for a few months in route across sky.
Heliocentric – sun centred
500 BCE but accepted in 1530 – Copernicus
Orbital Radius and Elliptical Orbits brought change

4. Models of Planetary Motion
Orbital Radius – planet`s distance from the sun
Galileo Galilei furthered
this discussion in the 1600s
Elliptical Orbits
Perihelion – nearest the sun
Aphelion – furthest from the sun

5. Benefits of Space Travel
”seeing the earth” – earthrise, Apollo 8, 1968
Transport – rocket powered technologies
International Space Station
Products
Dehydrated food, antibacterial water filter, miniaturized computers and robotics
Satellites
Communications, Tracking devices, Digital Imaging, Real time imaging

6. Challenges to Space Exploration
Travel – safety, debris
Living
Physical environment
Vacuum, no air, no water, cosmic rays, radiation
Confined living
Psychological problems
Microgravity – condition in which the gravitational forces that act on a mass are greatly reduced.
Heart, muscle, bones, red blood cells
How can this be addressed? p. 371