1. SELECTING RESEARCH DESIGN
Yulia Sofiatin
COMMUNITY RESEARCH PROGRAM 5
2012

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Formulating research problem
Conceptualizing research design
Constructing instrument
Selecting samples
Reporting
Data processing
Research proposal
Data collection

3. Choose the most appropriate study design for each study objective/title :
Qualitative study
Cross-sectional
Case-control
Cohort study
Experimental study
Descriptive study
Case-report

4. Mother’s perception on oral rehydration in West java
The effect of peer-education on student’s sexual activity
Carbohydrat isolation in several kind of peas
Incidence of stroke in families with and without family history of hypertension
Measurement of FEV1 of 100 medical students after 30 minutes Treadmill exercise
Comparison of FEV1 of 100 medical students before and after 30 minutes/day aerobic exercise for 3 months

5. Association between breast cancer and number of cigarette smoking in women.
Pattern of bone fracture in patients with motorcycle accident admitted to Emergency Room, Hasan Sadikin Hospital.
Correlation between the knowledge of peer-educator and peer’s knowledge on smoking cessation.
Rare experience: treatment of severe distribution shock after albumin administration in male patient with lupus nephritis

6. Time line of different study design
Cross Sectional
Case Control
Cohort study
Case
Report
T i m e l i n e `
Case Series
Clinical Trial

7. Case control Starting point With disease CONCLUSION Without disease
Exposure A
With disease
CONCLUSION
Exposure B
Without disease

8. Cohort Starting point With disease CONCLUSION Without disease
Exposure A
With disease
CONCLUSION
Exposure B
Without disease

9. Cross-sectional Study
Metformin
Population
Sample
Compl (+)
Compl (-)
Sulfonil urea
Compl (+)
Compl (-)

10. Clinical Trial Outcome Treatment No Yes Sample Placebo No Yes
CONCLUSION
Placebo No
Yes
Population
Random
selection
Blinded
administration

11. Laboratory experimental
Disease
Effect
Population
Treatment No
Yes
Sample
CONCLUSION
Objects
Placebo No
Yes
Random
selection
Control
Blinded
administration

12. Selection of study design depends on:
Research question/problem/objective
Time & resources availability
Common/rare disease
Expected outcome
Quality of data
Established design

13. Although screening of blood donors prevents HCV infection through blood transfusion, the prevalence of the infection remains high in patients who are on chronic hemodialysis, presumably because of previous frequent blood transfusions and nosocomial transmission. A recent study in patients with normal renal function showed that interferon treatment lowered the rate of the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma by a factor of 2, whereas another study reported that the therapy improved the survival but did not reduce the risk of liver disease in chronic hepatitis C. The therapy has also been applied to hemodialyzed patients, but several limitations compromise its usefulness for these patients: Interferon is expensive, liver biopsy for definite diagnosis is reported to be risky for hemodialyzed patients because of their tendency of bleed, the therapy may cause serious adverse effects, and, most important, the natural history of HCV infection in hemodialyzed patients is unclear.
J Am Soc Nephrol 11: 1896–1902, 2000

14. Based on the article above, several problems arise
Based on the article above, several problems arise. Choose the most appropriate study design for each study questions.
Cross sectional study
Cohort study
Case control study
Clinical trial
Experimental study
Qualitative study

15. Choose the most appropriate research design
Is screening to blood donors in our facility conducted in an appropriate manner?
How big is the correlation between blood transfusion and HCV infection in our setting?
How long does it take for a chronic hemodialysis patient to suffer HCV infection?
Is interferon in our patients as effective as in patients in the research?