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Volume 85, Issue 3, Pages 649-658 (March 2014)
Serum-soluble urokinase receptor levels do not distinguish focal segmental glomerulosclerosis from other causes of nephrotic syndrome in children Aditi Sinha, Jaya Bajpai, Savita Saini, Divya Bhatia, Aarti Gupta, Mamta Puraswani, Amit K. Dinda, Sanjay K. Agarwal, Shailaja Sopory, Ravindra M. Pandey, Pankaj Hari, Arvind Bagga Kidney International Volume 85, Issue 3, Pages (March 2014) DOI: /ki Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Serum soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) levels in various clinical categories (n=617). P-values for differences in mean±s.e.m. values compared with controls are indicated in parentheses, and those between groups above horizontal bars; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001. Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 2 Serum levels of soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR; pg/ml) in relation to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP). An inverse relationship was seen between serum suPAR and eGFR in (a) all patients and controls (n=552; P<0.0001), and (b) patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; n=120; P<0.0001). A direct correlation was noted between levels of suPAR and CRP in (c) all patients and controls (n=552; P<0.0001), and (d) patients with FSGS (n=120; P=0.003). Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 3 Receiver operating characteristics (ROCs). ROCs to demonstrate the relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 30ml/min per 1.73m2 and serum levels of soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) in (a) all patients and controls (n=552), and (b) patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; n=120). Values of suPAR predictive of eGFR<30ml/min per 1.73m2 were pg/ml for the entire group (correctly classified 85.1%; sensitivity 74.5%, specificity 83.7%; area under the curve=0.81) and pg/ml for patients with FSGS (correctly classified, 88.1%; sensitivity, 88.2%, specificity, 84.2%; area under the curve=0.93). Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 4 Blood levels of soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) in patients with paired samples. (a) Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; n=18): suPAR levels were ±226.5pg/ml at diagnosis or relapse, and ±246.8pg/ml during therapy-induced complete or partial remission (P=0.70). (b) Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome due to minimal-change disease (n=18): suPAR levels were ±184.9pg/ml at diagnosis or relapse, and ±217.7pg/ml during complete or partial remission (P=0.96). (c) Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (n=14): suPAR levels were ±544.1pg/ml at the onset of illness (n=3) or at relapse (n=11), and ±250.8pg/ml following corticosteroid-induced remission (P=0.73). (d) FSGS with nonresponse (n=5): suPAR levels were ±294.7pg/ml at baseline and ±576.6pg/ml following 6 months of therapy with tacrolimus (P=0.27). (e) FSGS with progressive impairment of function (n=5): suPAR levels increased from ±343.0pg/ml at baseline to ±1055.2pg/ml in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)<30ml/min per 1.73m2 (P=0.31). Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 5 Levels of urinary soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR)-to-creatinine ratio (ng/g) in relation to serum suPAR and proteinuria. There was no correlation of urinary suPAR and serum suPAR in (a) all patients and controls (n=151; P=0.096), and (b) patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS; n=50; P=0.34). A direct correlation was noted between values of urinary suPAR and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio in samples from (c) all patients and controls (n=151; P=0.007), and (d) patients with FSGS (n=50; P=0.040). Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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