1. Conversions for Other Clinical Applications: Time and Temperature
Chapter 5
Conversions for Other Clinical Applications: Time and Temperature

2. Time and Temperature in Healthcare
CONVERSIONS FOR OTHER CLINICAL APPLICATIONS: TIME AND TEMPERATURE
Time is an essential part of the drug order
Temperature is an important measurement of health status

3. Other Conversions in Health Care Time
Essential part of drug order
What are some issues related to using the traditional time method?
The system used around the world and in the U.S. military is known as international time or military time. Health care settings are using this more than the traditional system.
Currently, day to day we typically use traditional time or a 12 hour clock
Military or international time use a 24 hour clock 3

4. 24-Hour Clock © Cengage Learning 2016
NOTICE, THERE ARE 2 CIRCLES OF NUMBERS (AN INNER AND OUTER) THAT IDENTIFY THE HOURS FROM
EACH TIME DESIGNATION IS COMPRISED OF A UNIQUE FOUR-DIGIT NUMBER.
The inside numbers correlate to traditional AM time. (midnight-11:59 AM)
The outside numbers correlate to traditional PM time. (noon to 11:59 PM)
Hours on the 24 hour clock after 0059 minutes are stated in hundreds and the word zero precedes hours under ten hundred;
For example: is read “zero three hundred” 1800 is read as “eighteen hundred”
© Cengage Learning 2016

5. Traditional and 24-Hour Clockam
International Time pm
12:00 midnight
2400
12:00 noon
1200
1:00
0100
1300
2:00
0200
1400
3:00
0300
1500
4:00
0400
1600
5:00
0500
1700
6:00
0600
1800
7:00
0700
1900
8:00
0800
2000
9:00
0900
2100
10:00
1000
2200
11:00
1100
2300
COMPARISON OF TRADITIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL TIME
Converting a 12-hour time to 24-hour time is straight forward, though confusing.

6. Comparison chart of both 24 hour clock and traditional time

7. RULES
Traditional time and international time have similar numbering from 1:00 AM (0100) through 12:59 PM (1259).
Minutes after 12:00 AM (midnight) before 1:00 AM are 0001 through 0059.
Hours from 1:00 PM – 12:00 AM (midnight) are 1200 hours greater in international time ( ).
International time designated 4- digit number
Traditional time vs. international time with :
MIDNIGHT CAN BE WRITTEN TWO DIFFERENT WAYS IN INTERNATIONAL TIME: (twenty-four hundred) or (zero hundred)
0001 STATED AS : ZERO- ZERO-ZERO- ONE “ ZERO-ZERO-FIFTEEN”
5. The hours and minutes are separated by a colon in traditional time but not typically in international time, although, it may be used. 14:00 for = 2:00 PM

8. Converting Traditional Time to International Time
math tip
Between hours of 1:00 pm (1300) and 12:00 am (2400):
Remove colon
Add 1200 to traditional time to convert to international time
EXAMPLE 1 3:00 pm= =1500
EXAMPLE 2 8:00 pm= =2000
EXAMPLE 3 11:00 PM= =2300
Here’s a MATH TIP:
CAN SUBTRACT 1200 FROM INTERNATIONAL TIME TO CONVERT TO EQUIVALENT TRADITIONAL TIME.
EXAMPLE: 2212= =10:12 PM
1400= =2:00 PM

9. Converting Traditional Time to International Time
For hours of 1:00 am to 9:59 am
Remove colon
Add zero before first number to make four-digit number
Between hours of 10:00 am and 12:59 noon
Remaining four numbers represent international time
EXAMPLE: 2:00 aka 0200
EXAMPLE: 11:00 aka 1100

10. What Time Is It? 3:15 pm 4:45 am 5:30 pm 10:10 pm 12:35 am 0017 1010
1730
2310
0635

11. What Is Wrong? Give two Tylenol at 9:00
Blood pressure to be taken at 2510
Insulin given at 23:10 p.m.

12. LET’S TRY THIS…
The MD makes a pt NPO beginning at 2400 for a pt that is having a colonoscopy the following morning.
The colonoscopy is finished by 1000 the next morning and the MD gives an order that the pt can resume a normal diet by 1400.
How many hours will have passed before the pt is able to eat?
14 hours

13. LET’S TRY ANOTHER…
Mrs. Jones is scheduled to have a c-section at The MD estimates that the pt will be in the labor room for an hour and a half and in the recovery room for 2 hours.
What time will the family be able to see Mrs. Jones and her new baby?
Write in both traditional and international time.
& 8:00 PM
Have class do review set 15 in class

14. Temperature

15. Celsius and Fahrenheit
The Fahrenheit (F) scale establishes the freezing point of pure water at 32° and the boiling point of pure water at 212°.
The Celsius (C) scale establishes the freezing point of pure water at 0° and the boiling point of pure water at 100°.
OTHER CONVERSIONS IN HEALTH CARE

16. Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales
SIMPLE FORMULAS ARE USED FOR CONVERTING BETWEEN THE TWO TEMPERATURE SCALES AND IT IS EASIER TO REMEMBER THE FORMULAS WHEN YOU UNDERSTAND HOW THEY ARE RELATED.
180 DEGREE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BOILING AND FREEZING POINTS ON THE “F” THERMOMETER AND 100 DEGREES BETWEEN BOILING AND FREEZING POINTS ON “C” THERM.
THE RATIO OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE “F” AND “C” SCALES CAN BE EXPRESSED 180:100 OR 180/ WHEN REDUCED THE RATIO IS EQUIV. TO THIS IS OUR CONSTANT IN TEMPERATURE CONVERSION
© Cengage Learning 2016

17. Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales
Convert between Fahrenheit (F) and Celsius (C) temperatures:
THE RULES:
To convert Fahrenheit temperature to Celsius, first subtract 32, then divide the result by 1.8
SHOW EXAMPLES: CONVERT 98.6 TO CELSIUS PG 120

18. Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales
Example: convert 98.6° Fahrenheit to Celsius
C = 98.6 – 32 = 66.6
C = 66.6 ÷ 1.8 = 37
C= 37°

19. Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales
THE RULES: °F=1.8° C + 32 To convert Celsius temperature to Fahrenheit, multiply by 1.8 and add 32
SHOW EXAMPLE:
CONVERT 35 CELSIUS TO FAHRENHEIT PG. 120

20. Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales
Example: convert 35˚ Celsius to Fahrenheit

21. Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales

22. Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales
Comparison of Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales
° C °F
40.0
104.4
38.0
100.4
37.8
100.0
37.2
99.0
37.0
98.6
36.0
96.8
35.0
95.0
34.0
93.2
33.0
91.4
In book on page 119

23. Calculate the Temperatures
100˚ Fahrenheit
103.5˚ Fahrenheit
40˚ Celsius
37.4˚ Celsius
NOTECARD WITH ALL WORKED OUT
HAVE CLASS DO REVIEW SET 16

24. Done! Convert this time and temp! Review set 16 all evens
\Quiz next week ch 4/5
Done!