1. Innovations in Technology and Transportation

2. Question: Do you think new technology in transportation and communication would be more positive or more negative impact on the United States?
SIGNICIFICANT INVENTIONS/INNOVATIONS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION:
Steamboat/Steam Engine
Telegraph / Morse Code
The Cotton Gin
Railroad Construction
Canals
Interchangeable Parts
Steel Plow
Spinning Jenny

3. Improvements in TRANSPORTATION

4. Transportation Before
Transportation After
As settlers/immigrants began moving west in search of business opportunities. As a result, the government built roads/railroads to promote the free enterprise system

5. Transportation After

6. The Erie Canal (New York)
Towns grow along canals where boats stopped to load/unload
-1817 to 1825
-363 miles - much further than any other American or European canal
-1/4 of the workers were Irish
-Used as an inland route to ship goods
Effect: Caused shipping prices in the Midwest to decrease and made it possible to get goods from the west to New York City

7. Robert Fulton - the Steamboat
Similar to the railroad -they both made it less costly to ship goods and was quicker.
People and goods move up and down river

8. Railroads Effects: speeds up transportation lowers freight charges
Henry Bessemer—steel production process that had a major impact on Westward expansion with the building of railroads
Effects:
speeds up transportation
lowers freight charges
links Northeast and Midwest and increases communication
Opens new markets for goods
Pollution (negative)

9. Where are most railroads located???

10. Effects on MANUFACTURING

11. New England dominance in Textiles Textiles = _______________
Woven Fabric

12. Steam Power
After 1850’s steam engines run mills and replace water as main power source
Factories could be moved away from water
This steam power increases production of goods
allows use of UNSKILLED laborers (increased demand for factory labor)

13. Interchangeable Parts—Eli Whitney
first used in the production of guns
faster to produce & easier to repair manufactured goods
Allows use of unskilled workers but required more supervision
Leads to mass- production techniques in many industries

14. Effects on AGRICULTURE

15. John Deere - Steel Plow
Cyrus McCormick - Mechanical Reaper

16. EFFECTS: Mechanical Reaper & Steel Plow increase farm production
allows the Midwest to focus on farming while the East focuses on manufacturing

17. Cotton Gin-Eli Whitney
makes cotton production more profitable and efficient
plantations spread westward and increase in size
Negative effects:
INCREASES the need for slaves
Drives Native Americans off of their land

18. Samuel F. B. Morse and the Telegraph
Communication
Samuel F. B. Morse and the Telegraph

19. Positive Impacts – Improvements in Transportation
Greater connection between regions
Roads and canals reduce shipping cost and contribute to development of cities
Railroads also lead to development of cities and increases markets for goods
Transcontinental Railroad completion opens up the west for settlement
Urbanization of North increases

20. Negative effects – Industrial Revolution and Urbanization
Air pollution
Destruction of the natural environment
Spread of slavery

21. What else do I need to know about the Innovations and Inventions of Industrialization???
As a group, you will research using the resources in each packet the many inventions and innovations of the early 1800s to find out:
When they were invented?
Who invented them?
What it did?
What were its advantages?
What were its disadvantages?