1. LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Source: National Geographic: Available Online. Retrieved at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

2. LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
MIGRATION
Migration: The act of moving from one place to another with the intent to live in another place permanently or for a longer period of time.
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

3. Forced vs. Voluntary Migration
LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Forced vs. Voluntary Migration
Forced migration: When people have no choice and are forced to move. Forced migration is also called “involuntary migration.”
Voluntary migration: When people choose to move. People choose to migrate if they think the benefits (advantages) of moving will be greater than the costs (disadvantages).
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

4. Immigration vs. Emigration
LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Immigration vs. Emigration
Immigration: Migration to a place in order to settle there
Emigration: Migration from a place to settle in another place
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

5. LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Push vs. Pull Factors
Push factors: Negative reasons for wanting to leave a place (emigrate). Examples of push factors are a lack of food or water, natural disasters, a lack of jobs, and wars.
Pull factors: Positive reasons for wanting to move to a place (immigrate). Examples of pull factors are more food and water, a better climate, higher wages, and freedom.
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

6. Reasons for Migration: Environmental and Political
LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Reasons for Migration: Environmental and Political
Environmental
Examples: Floods, water supply, climate,
food supply for animals
Political
Examples: Political freedom, laws, wars
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY

7. Reasons for Migration: Cultural and Economic
LESSON 1 – OUT OF AFRICA: WHY EARLY HUMANS SETTLED AROUND THE WORLD
Reasons for Migration: Cultural and Economic
Cultural
Examples: Desire for religious freedom or chance for a better education
Economic
Examples: To overcome shortages of
food, housing, or space; to find better employment or higher wages
Source: “What is Human Migration?” National Geographic Society. Available online at:
FOCUS MIDDLE SCHOOL WORLD HISTORY © COUNCIL FOR ECONOMIC EDUCATION, NEW YORK, NY