1. Future Directions in Research Networking - A Perspective from Europe
16th APAN Meeting Advanced Network Conference Busan Korea August 2003
Future Directions in Research Networking - A Perspective from Europe
Dai Davies : General Manager : DANTE Ltd

2. The Ages of European Research Networking
The Pioneering Age ( )
The Rationing Age ( )
The Co-operation Age ( )
The Age of the GÉANT ( )

3. Technology Available 1991-2002
Period
Most performant Data
Technology Available
Technology Available
Link Technology
in pan-European
in United States
Available
Network
Network
34/45 Mbps PDH
2 Mbps PDH
45 Mbps PDH
155 Mbps SDH
45 Mbps PDH
155 Mbps SDH
622 Mbps SDH
155 Mbps SDH
622 Mbps SDH
2000 +
10 Gbps DWDM
10 Gbps DWDM
2.5 Gbps DWDM

4. Price Trends pan-European Connectivity
100000
10000
average offer price
1000
lowest offer price
100 10 1
1996
1997
1998-9
2002

5. GÉANT Topology June 2003

6. GÉANT Huge Increase in Network Capacity TEN-155 3 Gbps GÉANT 150 Gbps
9 “10 Gbps” Accesses
20 Gbps Global Interconnection
Regional Initiatives
Mediterranean
Latin America

7. GÉANT Issues Divergence of Costs New Usage patterns Hardware Costs
Global Developments

8. Divergence of Costs Range of Shared Costs Range of Connectivity45 40 35 30 25
1996
1999 20
2002 15 10 5
Range of Shared Costs
Range of Connectivity
Smoothing of Shared Costs

9. Support for European VLBI
Radio Telescope
Correlator
Data Flows
(RT or non-RT)

10. EVN Traffic Flows over GÉANT
NORDUnet SE
JANET UK
JIVE PL
SURFnet CZ
PSNC
DFN BE NL
DE2
DE1 FR CH AT
256M 
512M ?
1G 
2.5G
10G
GARR IT

11. Hardware Costs 10 Gbps Router Interface Transmission Costs
Switched and Routed Architecture
40 Gbps Interface

12. Europe - Where Next...….?

13. Is Speed Everything? 40 Gbps Technology Cost
Multiple 2.5 Gbps or 10 Gbps wavelengths
Interfacing Costs
Routers
Switches

14. Technical Challenges Enhanced Network Security
Role of DIY Transmission
New Architecture
Resource Allocation
Move from Connectivity to Controlability

15. Cost Challenges Increasing Divergence of Costs
Transmission is Distance Dependent Cost
New Usage Patterns

16. DWDM Cost Data

17. Global Co-operation Today Ad-Hoc Organisation Question of Who Pays
Inter-Regional Organisation
Global Demand?

18. Summary We are Deploying the Most Advanced Technology
Can we Control it?
Will we be able to Continue to Afford it?