1. Cardiovascular Disease (2:22)
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2. Preventive behaviors can reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke.

3. noncommunicable disease
cardiovascular disease
hypertension
arteriosclerosis
atherosclerosis
angina pectoris
arrhythmias
stroke

4. Cardiovascular Disease
The heart, blood, and blood vessels are at risk for a number of potentially serious diseases.

5. Cardiovascular Disease
Noncommunicable diseases are not infectious.
Noncommunicable disease
A disease that is not transmitted by another person, a vector, or the environment

6. Cardiovascular Disease
One of the most common noncommunicable diseases is cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovascular disease
A disease that affects the heart or blood vessels

7. Types of Cardiovascular Disease
There are many different types of CVDs.
As you read about these cardiovascular diseases, think about how each one is caused and what you can do to reduce your risk.

8. Hypertension
Hypertension can damage the heart, blood vessels, and other body organs if it continues over a long period of time.
Hypertension
High blood pressure

9. Hypertension
Because hypertension often has no symptoms in its early stages, it is sometimes called a “silent killer.”
To treat hypertension, patients should manage their weight, get adequate physical activity, and eat a nutritious diet.

10. Atherosclerosis
If you smoke, have high blood pressure, or have high cholesterol levels, you may have atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis
A disease characterized by the accumulation of plaque on artery walls

11. Atherosclerosis
People with atherosclerosis have a condition called arteriosclerosis, which can cause a heart attack or stroke.
Arteriosclerosis
Hardened arteries with reduced elasticity

12. Atherosclerosis
The artery on the far left is healthy, while the other arteries show evidence of atherosclerosis.

13. Diseases of the Heart
When the blood supply to the heart is restricted, the heart does not get the oxygen it needs, and a heart attack can occur.
The result can be heart muscle damage or even sudden death due to cardiac arrest.

14. Diseases of the Heart
Heart attack occurs due to insufficient blood supply to the heart.
Cardiac arrest, in which the heart stops beating in a rhythmic way, occurs due to an electrical problem with the heart.

15. Diseases of the Heart
In many cases, sudden cardiac arrest can be reversed if CPR or electric shock using a defibrillator is applied.

16. Diseases of the Heart Diagnostic Tools Electrocardiogram
Produces graph of heart’s electrical activity
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Produces images that show heart damage
Detects vessel obstructions with dye and x-rays
Angiography
Creates heart images that show artery blockage
CT Scan

17. Diseases of the Heart Treatment Options
Healthy vein from another area implanted to create detour around blocked artery.
Coronary Bypass
Balloon inserted inside artery then inflated, deflated, and removed.
Angioplasty
Chest implant sends electrical impulses to heart to make it beat regularly.
Pacemaker
Laser fiber inserted into blocked artery vaporizes the blockage, restoring blood flow.
Laser Intervention

18. Angina Pectoris
Angina pectoris, which usually lasts from a few seconds to minutes, is usually caused by atherosclerosis and should be taken very seriously.
Angina pectoris
Chest pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen

19. Arrhythmias
Arrhythmias happen when the heart skips a beat or beats very fast or very slowly.
Arrhythmias
Irregular heartbeats

20. Arrhythmias
In one type of arrhythmia, called ventricular fibrillation, the electrical impulses that regulate heart rhythm become rapid or irregular.
This is the most common cause of cardiac arrest.

21. Heart Attack
A heart attack occurs when a reduced or blocked blood supply damages the heart muscle.
Many heart attacks are sudden and cause intense chest pain, but about 25 percent produce no symptoms.

22. Heart Attack
Anyone who experiences the following warning signs of heart attack should call 911 immediately:
Pressure, fullness, squeezing, or aching in chest area
Pain spreading to arms, neck, jaw, abdomen, or back
Chest discomfort, with shortness of breath, lightheaded feeling, sweating, nausea, or vomiting

23. Congestive Heart Failure
This occurs when the heart gradually weakens and can no longer maintain its regular pumping rate and force.

24. Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive heart failure cannot be cured, but it can improve through continuous treatment, such as medication and practicing healthy lifestyle behaviors.

25. Stroke
Sometimes an artery supplying blood to the brain becomes blocked or bursts, resulting in a stroke.
Stroke
An acute injury in which blood flow to the brain is interrupted

26. Stroke
A stroke that occurs because of a burst blood vessel is called a cerebral hemorrhage.
Stroke can cause problems such as paralysis.

27. Warning Signs of Stroke
Severe headache
Numbness on one side of the body
Confusion
Trouble walking
Dizziness
Trouble seeing out of one or both eyes

28. What Teens Need to Know
CVD can begin during the teen years.
A teen with damaged blood vessels may not experience any symptoms until later in adulthood, but the danger is already there.  

29. What Teens Need to Know CVD Risk Factors You Can Control Tobacco Use
High Blood Pressure
High Cholesterol
Physical Inactivity
Excess Weight
Stress
Alcohol and Drug Use

30. Risk Factors
Unavoidable Risk Factors
Heredity
Gender
Age

31. After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
Define cardiovascular disease.
A disease that affects the heart or blood vessels

32. After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
What can happen if hypertension continues over a long period?
It can damage the heart, blood vessels, and other body organs.

33. After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
What is a stroke?
An acute injury in which blood flow to the brain is interrupted