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Chapter 3-1 Lecture 1 Problems in France Standard
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Standard Explain how the ideology of the French Revolution led France to develop from constitutional monarchy to democratic despotism to the Napoleonic empire. EQ~ How did the social inequalities in France and the Enlightenment cause a revolution?
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Most of society is down here with no way
Why Revolution? Revolution: overthrow of government or social system. French society was based on old traditions (big inequalities) Divided into 3 different orders/estates Most of society is down here with no way of moving up
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The 3 Estates French society~ unequal 1st estate~ Clergy
2nd estate~ Nobles 3rd estate~ everyone else
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French Society Divided
The people were divided into 3 estates (Ancient (old) Regime) 1st estate made up of clergy 1% of pop. Owned 10% of land Paid very little taxes 2nd estate – made up of nobles, 2 % of pop. owned 20% of land held highest offices in government, Did not pay taxes
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3rd Estate Almost 98 % of the population Bourgeoisie (Middle Class)
Workers (cooks, servants, etc.) Peasants- Largest group of 3rd Estate (80%). Paid out half of income in dues, tithes, and taxes. Eager for change.
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No Social mobility, No Rights
“1. What is the Third Estate? Everything 95% of the population 2. What has it been until now in the political order? Nothing No Social mobility, No Rights 3. What does it want to be? Something” Enlightenment Ideas=Change -Abbe Emmanuel Sieyes
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Why Revolution? Enlightenment Ideas caused opposition to the old order
The American Revolution Famine/$$$ problems left France weak
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The Forces of Change = ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
Louis XVI: Doesn’t deal with problems until France is almost bankrupt Louis XVI tries to tax aristocrats 2nd Estate forces him to call a meeting of the Estates General
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Vocabulary Ancien regime Estate Bourgeoisie Deficit Spending Louis XVI
Estates-General Tennis Court Oath Bastille
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