1. Chapter 10 Section 1 Pressure to Expand

2. What creates our national identity?
1. rise of cities
beginnings of mass culture, such as the same
-sport’s heroes
-movie stars
-favorite snacks
3. westward expansion
coast to coast communications
-telephones
-telegraphs
-trains

3. Growth of Imperialism
imperialism- stronger nations attempt to create empires by dominating weaker nations.

4. Why were countries creating empires?
Economics:
-new markets were needed
-the need for natural resources
Nationalism:
-People identified themselves with the nation that they lived in…Germans, Italians, Americans.
-People believed their culture was superior.

5. Why were countries creating empires?
Militarism:
-Countries were competing to have the largest militaries.
-A need to have refueling stations for a country’s navy.
Humanitarianism:
-Some believed they needed to “help” civilize uncivilized countries.
-laws
-medicine
-religion

6. Early Imperialism
Many European countries took over areas in Africa and Asia-see map on pg. 351
“the sun never sets on the British Empire”
By 1890, U.S. eager to compete for new territories

7. US Policy Before Imperialism
1796- President Washington, “steer clear of permanent alliances”
isolationism-policy of avoiding political or economic alliances with foreign countries.
Manifest Destiny: It was our destiny to expand from sea to sea.

8. Expanding U.S. Interests
Monroe Doctrine: Warns European countries to stay out of the Western Hemisphere. We are the police of our hemisphere.
Kept France out of Mexico
Great Britain & Venezuela dispute and we are the arbitrators
We buy Alaska from Russia
**It makes us seem stronger than we really are.

9. Arguments for U.S. Expansion
1. economic reasons are the biggest argument
-depressions & panics
-must secure new markets oversea
-American business invest directly into the economies of other countries.
banana republic- Central American nations dominated by U.S. business interests

10. Arguments for U.S. Expansion
2. protect American security
Alfred T. Mahan’s book Influence of Sea Power upon History describes what the US needs to do to become a world power.

11. Arguments for U.S. Expansion
Mahan says to become a world power :
build a large modern navy
refueling stations in the Caribbean
refueling stations in the Pacific
build the Panama Canal
*Do we follow his suggestions?

12. YES!!!!
Great White Fleet leaving VA-1907

13. Arguments for U.S. Expansion
3. Preserve the American spirit of adventure
-keep our pioneer spirit now that the Great Plains are settled
- “civilize” the people we come across