1. Relationship Among Shoulder Proprioception, Kinematics, and Pain After Stroke 
Martijn H. Niessen, MSc, DirkJan H. Veeger, PhD, Carel G. Meskers, PhD, Peter A. Koppe, MD, Manin H. Konijnenbelt, MD, Thomas W. Janssen, PhD 
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 
Volume 90, Issue 9, Pages (September 2009)
DOI: /j.apmr
Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Schematic representation of a possible mechanism that leads to the development of PSSP.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Experimental setup for the measurement of shoulder proprioception with the arm in 60° of abduction, 90° of elbow flexion, and 0° of humeral axial rotation. (A) diagonal view, (B) side view.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Proprioception test scores: CL, contralateral; IL, ipsilateral; D_int, detection of internal rotation; D_ext, detection of external rotation; R_-10 to R_40, reproduction of position at different reference angles. *Significantly different from controls (P<.05); †significantly different from subjects without PSSP (P<.05).
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Scapular rotation in patients with and without PSSP and with good and deteriorated proprioception, converted to the right scapula (mean ± SD in degrees). CL, Contralateral; IL, ipsilateral; det prop, deteriorated proprioception; good prop, good proprioception. *Significant difference (P<.05).
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

6. Fig 5
Placement of the main findings in the model described in the introduction. Gray dotted lines represent a significant relation.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation  , DOI: ( /j.apmr )
Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions