1. Awaiting allograft antigen: For rejection or tolerance?
Tomoaki Ando, MD, PhD, Toshiaki Kawakami, MD, PhD 
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 
Volume 143, Issue 2, Pages (February 2019)
DOI: /j.jaci
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2. Fig 1
A putative mast cell's role in graft survival and rejection. In a tolerant tissue levels of IL-9, possibly from Treg cells, are increased, and mast cells proliferate. Mast cells produce TNF-α and GM-CSF to enhance dendritic cell (DC) migration to the draining lymph nodes, as well as their survival. IgE binding enhances GM-CSF production from mast cells: this enhancement might be the effect of highly cytokinergic (HC) monomeric IgE, which tend to react to self-antigens (possibly donor antigens in this case). Migratory DCs from graft tissue are largely suppressive. On IgE cross-linking, mast cells degranulate and reduce numbers of mast cells and Treg cells, the function of which is also suppressed. These events lead to graft rejection. EBI, Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 3; GZB, granzyme B.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , DOI: ( /j.jaci )
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