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Nucleophagy: A New Look at Past Observations
Han Peng, Robert M. Lavker Journal of Investigative Dermatology Volume 136, Issue 7, Pages (July 2016) DOI: /j.jid Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Autophagy and its initiation. (a) Schematic representation of the stages of autophagy. (b) A schematic representation of the initial steps in autophagy involving the formation of an isolation membrane. In this process, unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) complex activates the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) complex (VPS34/Beclin1/ATG14L). VPS34-derived PI3P recruits double FYVE-containing protein 1 (DFCP1/ZFYVE1) and WD repeat domain phosphoinositide interacting 1 (WIPI1) to the outer membrane of autophagosomes, which causes the association of the ATG5/ATG12 conjugate with ATG16L1. The ATG5/ATG12/ATG16L1 complex then adds the phosphatidylethanolamine group (PE) to the C-terminus of the microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) protein, promoting the elongation of the isolation membrane and autophagosome formation. Journal of Investigative Dermatology , DOI: ( /j.jid ) Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions
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